66
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Tetrathiooxalate-Darstellung, Eigenschaften und Reaktionen

&
Pages 1-37 | Published online: 26 Jan 2007
 

Abstract

Die Chemie der Tetrathiooxalate, die erst in den letzten Jahren zugänglich geworden sind, wird in einer Übersicht dargestellt. Tetrathiooxalate lassen sich durch Reduktion von Schwefelkohlenstoff entweder direkt als Salze darstellen oder ausgehend vom Reduktionsprodukt 2-Thioxo-l,3-dithiol-4,5-dithiolat über das 4,5-Bis(methylthio)-1,3-dithiol-2-on als Dimethylester erhalten. Für die Bildung der verschiedenen Schwefelkohlenstoffreduktionsprodukte wird ein allgemeiner Reduktionsmechanismus vorgestellt. Die Salze der Tetrathiooxalsäure sind farbige kristalline Verbindungen mit geringer thermischer Stabilität. Sie ergeben mit Elektrophilen meist komplexe Produktgemische. Durch Reduktion des Tetrathiooxalatanions sind Derivate des Ethentetrathiolats leicht zugänglich. Mit Schwennetallionen bildet das Tetrathiooxalatanion als vierzähniger Brückenligand Mehrkernkomplexe, die sich zum Teil durch eine hohe elektrische Leitfähigkeit auszeichnen. Der Tetrathiooxalsäuredimethylester ist ein interessanter Synthesebaustein, der als 2π-und 4π-Komponente in Cycloadditionsreaktionen eine Vielzahl von Produkten bildet.

The chemistry of tetrathiooxalates which have been accessible since a few years is presented in a review. Tetrathiooxalates can be prepared by electrochemical reduction of carbon disulfide in dipolar aprotic solvents (acetonitrile, DMF) as slightly soluble tetraalkylammonium salts. Starting from 2-thioxo-l,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate, a reduction product of carbon disulfide, dimethyl tetrathiooxalate is obtained by photochemical decarbonylation of 4,5-bis(methylthio)-1,3-dithiol-2-one as intermediate. A general mechanism is proposed for the reduction of carbon disulfide. Depending on the reaction conditions either the dimerization of carbon disulfide radical anions to tetrathiooxalate or the reaction of the radical anion with carbon disulfide can be considered as the key steps in the mechanism. Salts of tetrathiooxalic acid are colored crystalline compounds with low thermal stability. With electrophiles they mostly react to form complex mixtures of products. Under suitable conditions dimethyl tetrathiooxalate can be prepared as the main product by direct methylation. Reduction of the tetrathiooxalate anion gives ethenetetrathiolate which can be alkylated to tetrakis(alkylthio)ethenes. The reduction of dimethyl tetrathiooxalate with subsequent alkylation also yields such products. With heavy-metal ions the tetrathiooxalate anion reacts as a tetradentate ligand to give dinuclear and trinuclear as well as polynuclear complexes partly possessing high electrical conductivity. Dimethyl tetrathiooxalate is an attractive building block in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. With alkenes and alkynes dimethyl tetrathiooxalate reacts in cycloadditions as 2π-and 4π-component, respectively. 1,3-Dithioles are obtained by reaction with diazo compounds. With isocyanides 2-imino-l,3-dithioles are produced. Disubstituted alkylidenetriphenylphosphoranes also form 1,3-dithioles. The aminolysis of dimethyl tetrathiooxalate gives rise to N,N′-disubstituted dithiooxamides.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.