Specific Antibodies to Theophylline for Use in a Homogeneous: Enzyme Immunoassay

Abstract

Bovine serum albumin conjugate of 1-methyl-3-(3′-carboxypropyl)xanthine elicits highly specific anti-theophylline antibodies when injected into sheep. When used in a homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for theophylline these antibodies show insignificant cross-reactivity (< 1%) to 1-methyl-and 1,3-dimethyluric acid, 3-methylxanthine, caffeine, and theobromine. In contrast, immunogens prepared from the C-8 functionalized drug afford antibodies which show more serious cross-reactivity to these compounds. Plausible rationale for attachment of the drug to carrier proteins through its N-3 position which furnishes specific antibodies are given.