Digital Divide: A Discursive Move Away from the Real Inequities

Abstract

Within the context of the telecommunications policy environment in the United States during the 1990s, the Department of Commerce's Falling Through the Net reports can be read as a 7-year ideological project to legitimize U.S. government's deregulatory policies. This article analyzes the “digital divide” as rhetorical trope in a neoliberal ideology, which placed responsibility for social and economic success in the emerging global information economy at the level of the individual and not the system, effectively foreclosing on any class-based analyses of the problems associated with the transition from a Keynesian welfare state and industrial economy to a neoliberal and globalized information economy. Unpacking the discursive significance of the “digital divide,” with special focus on public libraries and projects of the Gates Foundation, illuminates how it foreclosed on the possibility of alternative problem definitions by making the problem a technical and administrative one rather than an issue of historic class struggle. The article draws on open-source projects in developing countries to offer an alternate frame for formulating policies for equitable access to information and communication technologies (ICTs).

Keywords:

• Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
• digital divide
• digital exclusion
• digital inclusion
• public access computing
• public libraries
• universal access
• universal service

Notes

1. It is equally important to note that no identity is homogeneous, and conflicts are as common within as between capital, labor, and state identities. One needs only to consider the purpose of antitrust legislation to see that this is the case.