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Análisis empírico de los factores que explican la mejora de la opinión de auditoría: compra de opinión y mejora en las prácticas contables de la empresa

An empirical analysis of the factors explaining the change in audit opinion: opinion shopping and accounting practices improvements in firms

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Pages 317-350 | Received 17 Nov 2005, Accepted 29 Mar 2007, Published online: 15 Jan 2014
 

RESUMEN

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la existencia de compra de opinión en España a través del estudio de los cambios «sospechosos» de auditor, es decir, aquellos que se realizan hacia auditores menos independientes que el anterior. Analizando las empresas contenidas en la base de datos de la Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores durante los años 1990–2000, se obtienen 72 cambios de auditor realizados tras la obtención de un informe de auditoría no limpio. A diferencia de estudios anteriores, en este trabajo se ha incluido como variable de control la variación de la probabilidad de merecer un informe de auditoría no limpio. Los resultados muestran que las empresas que cambiaron hacia auditores menos conservadores y de menor tamaño obtuvieron una mayor probabilidad de mejorar su opinión, aunque su probabilidad de recibir informes no limpios no se viera afectada, concluyéndose que existe compra de opinión con éxito entre las empresas españolas.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to analyse the existence of opinion shopping in Spain, that is, the existence of «suspicious» auditor changes in which the new auditor is less independent than the latter. We analyse the companies contained in the data base of the Spanish Stock Exchange Commission during eleven years (1990 to 2000) and we obtained that 72 companies changed their auditors after receiving a qualified audit opinion. As a control variable, we include the variation in the probability of deserving a qualified audit report. The results show that the companies which changed toward less conservative and smaller auditors obtained a higher probability of improving their opinion. This finding is consistent with the existence of opinion shopping with success in Spain.

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