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Articles

Determinants of engaging in business combinations through partial acquisitions

Determinantes de la realización de combinaciones de negocios a través de adquisiciones parciales

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Pages 149-176 | Received 28 Feb 2012, Accepted 14 Feb 2014, Published online: 08 May 2014
 

Abstract

This study investigates the firm-level and country-level conditions affecting a company’s decision to engage in partial acquisitions. For the purpose of our empirical analysis, that decision is measured through the existence or non-existence of non-controlling interests (NCI) in 14 European countries. We find that size, leverage, profitability, cross listing, internationalisation and institutional characteristics play an important role in explaining the likelihood of engaging in partial acquisition of subsidiaries that results in reporting of NCI in consolidated financial statements. The main results hold, even if we replace institutional characteristics for different investor protection and securities regulation attributes. Our findings indicate that a company’s incentives to engage in partial acquisitions and report NCI include the ability to access alternative sources of financing (even cross-border), the ability to share risks and to obtain benefits from synergies and the ability to enter in new markets. Our findings also enhance the importance of controlling for firm and country characteristics when doing empirical research related to NCI.

Este estudio identifica cuáles son las características de las empresas e de los países que afectan la decisión de adquirir parcialmente otras empresas. Para el propósito de nuestro estudio empírico, la existencia o no existencia de intereses minoritarios es utilizada para medir esa decisión, en catorce países europeos. Se encontró evidencia que lo tamaño, lo apalancamiento, la rentabilidad, el cross-listing, la internacionalización y características institucionales desempeñan un papel importante en la explicación de la posibilidad de participar en la adquisición parcial de filiales y, por esto, reportar los Intereses minoritarios en los estados financieros consolidados. Los principales resultados se mantienen incluso si sustituimos las características institucionales de distintos sistemas de protección de los inversores y los atributos de valores de regulación. Los resultados indican que los incentivos para participar en adquisiciones parciales y por lo tanto informar sobre Intereses minoritarios incluyen la capacidad de acceder a fuentes alternativas de financiación, la capacidad de compartir los riesgos y obtener beneficios de las sinergias y la capacidad de entrar en nuevos mercados. Además, este documento es útil porque también aumentan la importancia de controlar por características de las empresas y del país al hacer la investigación empírica relacionada con los intereses minoritarios.

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Editor and to the two anonymous referees for their comments and suggestions on previous version. Any mistakes or omissions are the sole responsibility of the authors.

Notes

1. Because XLIST is a binary variable, the mean appointed in refers to the percentage of cases that have that the value 1 for that variable. 

2. As we can see, firms without NCI have high negative ROE. We did not explore the reasons why this happened. However, we previously tested the possibility of being an outlier effect, and we excluded extreme observations (1%, and 5% top and bottom, respectively). The mean differences continued to support prior findings.

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