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Papers / Artículos

Self-perception, self-esteem and life satisfaction in adopted and non-adopted children and adolescents / Autopercepción, autoestima y satisfacción vital en niños y adolescentes adoptados y no adoptados

Pages 144-174 | Received 03 Apr 2013, Accepted 10 Dec 2013, Published online: 27 Feb 2015
 

Abstract

This paper analyses whether the specific challenges of adolescence and adoption may affect the self-assessment of adopted adolescents. A total of 618 children and adolescents from Andalusia (southern Spain) between eight and 16 years of age (105 adopted and 513 non-adopted) participated in this study. For comparison purposes, different groups of non-adopted children (current classmates, children in residential care and children who have grown up with their biological families in socially disadvantaged areas) also participated. The Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) and the Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS) were utilized. The results reflect positive self-assessments on average at the beginning and during adolescence. There is a decline in self-perception, self-esteem and life satisfaction at around 11 or 12 years, with a slight recovery beginning at the age of 14. This trend occurs in adopted and non-adopted children and adolescents. Adopted children present self-assessments similar to children who live with their biological family. Children in residential care exhibit self-perception, self-esteem and life satisfaction that is well below the rest.

Resumen

Este trabajo analiza si los retos específicos de la adolescencia y de la adopción pueden repercutir en la autovaloración de los adolescentes adoptados. Participaron un total de 618 chicos y chicas de entre ocho y 16 años (105 adoptados y 513 no adoptados) residentes en Andalucía. Para las comparaciones, participaron tres grupos de no adoptados (compañeros actuales de los adoptados, chicos en acogimiento residencial, y chicos que viven con sus familias biológicas en contextos sociales desfavorecidos). Fueron utilizados: el Perfil de Autopercepciones para Adolescentes, la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg y la Escala de Satisfacción Vital. Los resultados reflejan autovaloraciones positivas como media en los inicios y durante la adolescencia. Se da un descenso en la autopercepción, autoestima y satisfacción vital en torno a los 11 o 12 años, pero a partir de los 14 años hay una ligera recuperación. Esta tendencia se da en adoptados y en no adoptados. Los chicos adoptados presentan autovaloraciones similares a los grupos que viven con su familia biológica. Los chicos en acogimiento residencial manifiestan una autopercepción, autoestima y satisfacción vital muy inferiores al resto.

Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos

Our most sincere gratitude goes out to the boys, girls, families, centres and schools that have participated in this study, to the decision makers and technicians from the Consejería de Bienestar e Igualdad Social de la Junta de Andalucía, and to Professor Palacios from the University of Seville. / Nuestro más sincero agradecimiento a los chicos, chicas, familias, centros y colegios que han participado en este estudio, a los responsables y técnicos de la Consejería de Bienestar e Igualdad Social de la Junta de Andalucía y al profesor Palacios de la Universidad de Sevilla.

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