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Papers / Artículos

Children´s play and affective development: affect, school adjustment and learning in preschoolers / El juego infantil y el desarrollo afectivo: afecto, ajuste escolar y aprendizaje en la etapa preescolar

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Pages 380-400 | Received 29 Jun 2015, Accepted 18 Nov 2015, Published online: 16 Mar 2016
 

Abstract

Preschool education is a privileged setting where social development and the progressive achievement of emotional adjustment occur. During this stage, affect plays an important role in social interaction. Furthermore, children’s play has been described as an activity with a great potential for promoting development. This article reports results from the systematic observation of 38 five- to six-year-old children in four different school activities on two separate occasions. A total number of 304 registries, totalling 1,520 minutes, were made during the observations, which were conducted with the objective of comparing affective expression in different activities and inquiring into its relationship to school adjustment and performance in preschoolers. It was found that affect’s intensity and quality is higher during play. Results are discussed taking into account positive relationships between affect and school adjustment and performance, concluding that children’s play is a privileged activity for affective development and should be promoted in preschool education.

Resumen

La escuela infantil es el lugar privilegiado para el desarrollo de la competencia social y el progresivo equilibrio del ajuste emocional. Durante esta etapa, la vida afectiva tiene un importante papel en la interacción social y por otro lado, el juego infantil ha sido descrito como una actividad con gran potencialidad para promover el desarrollo. Este trabajo es el resultado de la observación sistemática de 38 niños de entre cinco y seis años, en cuatro situaciones de actividad escolar y dos tiempos distintos, con un total de 304 registros de 1,520 minutos, realizada con el objetivo de comparar la expresión del afecto en diferentes actividades y comprobar si éste se relaciona con el ajuste y éxito escolar en la etapa infantil. Se ha demostrado que la intensidad y calidad afectiva es mayor durante la actividad lúdica. Se discuten los resultados desde la positiva relación del afecto con el ajuste y el rendimiento escolar y se concluye que el juego infantil es la actividad privilegiada para el desarrollo afectivo que debe estimular la educación infantil.

Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos

The authors of this work would like to thank the Preschool Education Centre LOS PEQUES Córdoba and especially the tutoring teacher, Inmaculada Luque Aranda, for her collaboration in this study. / Las autoras de este trabajo quieren agradecer al Centro de Educación Infantil LOS PEQUES Córdoba y, especialmente, a la profesora tutora Inmaculada Luque Aranda, la colaboración prestada a lo largo de este estudio.

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