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Papers / Artículos

Impact of a computer-based intervention in Chilean children at risk of manifesting reading difficulties / Impacto de una intervención basada en ordenador en niños chilenos con riesgo de manifestar dificultades lectoras

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Pages 158-188 | Received 22 Dec 2015, Accepted 26 Aug 2016, Published online: 12 Jan 2017
 

Abstract

Reading difficulties have reached a prevalence of 3–10% in school-age children. Those who present these difficulties avoid reading and benefit very little from school-based learning opportunities, resulting in maladjustments, dropping out of school and having to repeat grades. Presented here are the results of an intervention based on a computer game intended for explicit phonic training in first-grade school children at risk of possessing reading difficulties. Fifty-six children from a low socioeconomic status (SES) and 31 children from a high socioeconomic status, divided into two groups (control and experimental), participated in the study. After the intervention, participants from the low-SES experimental group had enhanced their skills regarding letter sound recognition, whereas the high-SES experimental group had improved their naming speed. The results are discussed in light of the impact of interventions based on computer games and of the importance of the development of sublexical skills in children at risk of manifesting reading difficulties in transparent orthographies.

Resumen

Las dificultades lectoras tienen una prevalencia del 3% al 10% en niños en edad escolar. Quienes las presentan evitan leer y poco se benefician de las oportunidades de aprendizaje escolar resultando en desajustes, abandono y repitencia escolar. Se presentan los resultados de una intervención basada en un juego de ordenador dirigida al entrenamiento fónico explícito en niños de primer año de primaria en riesgo de manifestar dificultades lectoras. Participaron 56 niños de NSE Bajo y 31 niños de NSE Alto que fueron divididos en dos grupos (control y experimental). Luego de la intervención los participantes del grupo experimental del NSE bajo aumentaron sus habilidades para el reconocimiento del sonido de las letras, mientras que en el grupo experimental del NSE alto mejoró su velocidad de denominación. Los resultados se discuten a la luz del impacto de intervenciones basadas en juegos de ordenador y de la importancia del desarrollo de habilidades sublexicas en niños con riesgo de manifestar dificultades lectoras en ortografías transparentes.

Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos

This study was funded through the CONICYT AKA–FINLANDIA 08 project ‘Prediction and reading support through computer games for children at risk of manifesting reading difficulties’. / Esta investigación ha sido financiada a través del proyecto CONICYT AKA–FINLANDIA 08 ‘Predicción y apoyo de la lectura, mediante juegos de computador, para niños con riesgo de manifestar dificultades lectoras’.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors./ Los autores no han referido ningún potencial conflicto de interés en relación con este artículo.

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