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Papers / Artículos

Representations over the Earth’s shape and the process of day and night from Nahua indigenous schoolchildren / Representaciones sobre la forma de la Tierra y del proceso día y noche en niños de escuelas indígenas Nahuas

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Pages 343-380 | Received 28 Jun 2016, Accepted 18 Dec 2016, Published online: 27 Mar 2017
 

Abstract

This research presents the way in which children from a Nahua indigenous community build representations of the Earth’s shape, as well as the process that causes day and night. Concepts from school and local culture were studied. For the first case, a questionnaire was applied to 331 children, out of which 38 children were then interviewed on the topics from the questionnaire. For the cultural ideas, three teachers from the region and 30 children from the sample were interviewed. The results show that the representations depend on the form of questioning and the existence of three models: a flat structure with a celestial dome and mechanisms that hide or remove the Sun or the Moon in order to create day and night; a spherical structure with a surrounding sky, where the Sun and Moon rise and set; and a transitional model with a hollow sphere, flat surface and celestial dome. Cultural ideas do not appear to have any influence over these models, probably due to a loss of the community’s cosmogonic knowledge and the age of the children.

Resumen

Este trabajo muestra la construcción de representaciones sobre la forma de la tierra y del proceso día y noche en niños de una comunidad indígena Nahua. Se investigaron las ideas escolares y las de la cultura local. Para el primer caso se aplicó un cuestionario a 331 niños y una entrevista sobre los tópicos del cuestionario a 38 niños de la misma muestra; para las ideas culturales se entrevistó a tres profesores de la región y 30 niños de la muestra. Los resultados muestran que las representaciones dependen de la forma de cuestionamiento y la existencia de tres modelos: plano con bóveda celeste y mecanismos de ocultamiento o alejamiento del Sol y la Luna para formar el día y la noche; esférico con cielo circundante, donde el Sol y la Luna suben y bajan; de transición con esfera hueca y tierra plana y bóveda celeste. Las ideas de la cultura no aparecen, posiblemente por pérdida de conocimientos cosmogónicos en la entidad y por la edad de los niños.

Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos

This study has been performed as part of project [SEB-2012/189113] funded by [CONACYT].

We would like to thank physicist Héctor Covarrubias Martínez for his remarks and participation during the completion of project SEB-2012/189113.

Esta investigación se ha realizado dentro del proyecto [SEB-2012/189113] subvencionado por [CONACYT].

Agradecemos al Fis. Héctor Covarrubias Martínez por sus comentarios y participación durante la realización del proyecto SEB-2012/189113.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. / Los autores no han referido ningún potencial conflicto de interés en relación con este artículo.

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