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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 34, 2019 - Issue 1
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Research Article

Discriminatory language in the workplace: unmasking prejudices and stereotypes / El lenguaje discriminatorio en contextos laborales: desenmascarando prejuicios y estereotipos

Pages 110-136 | Received 21 Sep 2017, Accepted 22 Oct 2018, Published online: 17 Dec 2018
 

Abstract

The link between language, communication and open discrimination has been the focus of numerous studies. For many years, language has been a vehicle of prejudice and negative stereotypes. However, in the last few years, overt verbal aggressions have diminished thanks to the implementation of equality policies and awareness-raising initiatives. Despite that, negative attitudes against protected groups might not have disappeared and may instead be transmitted subtly, such as through uncivil language. The goal of this research is to study the relation between language and subtle discrimination against lesbian and gay (LG) workers. With this goal in mind, 39 in-depth interviews were conducted. The analysis showed that LG people are victims of subtle discrimination and that language is one of the most common vehicles of prejudice and negative stereotypes. Jokes, inappropriate comments and questions are the expression of negative attitudes, which are probably present at an implicit level. Due to the ambiguity of these expressions and the settings where they have been studied — the workplace — these acts could be defined as uncivil behaviours. Practical implications, limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

Resumen

La relación existente entre lenguaje, comunicación y discriminación abierta ha sido el centro de atención de numerosas investigaciones. El lenguaje ha sido, durante mucho tiempo, vehículo de prejuicios y estereotipos negativos, aunque en los últimos años han disminuido los ataques verbales abiertos gracias a las políticas de igualdad y a la labor de concienciación de la sociedad. No obstante, las actitudes negativas hacia ciertos grupos protegidos podrían no haber desaparecido, sino que podrían estar manifestándose de forma sutil, por ejemplo, a través del lenguaje incívico. El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar el nexo existente entre lenguaje y discriminación sutil perpetrada hacia las/os trabajadoras/es les-bianas y gays (LG). Con este fin se realizaron 39 entrevistas en profundidad cuyo análisis demostró que las personas LG son víctimas de actos de discriminación sutil y que el lenguaje representa uno de los vehículos principales de prejuicios y estereotipos negativos. Chistes, comentarios inoportunos, preguntas inapropiadas, son la manifestación de actitudes negativas, probablemente presentes a nivel implícito. Dada la ambigüedad de dichas manifestaciones, estos actos, en los contextos laborales, se pueden catalogar como comportamientos incívicos. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas, las limi-taciones y futuras líneas de investigación.

Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos

This study was funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain [MINECO/FEDER – Ref. PSI2015-64894-P]; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia of Portugal [Ref. SFRH/BPD/121748/2016]. / Esta investigación ha sido subvencionada por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España [MINECO/FEDER – Ref. PSI2015-64894-P]; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia de Portugal [Ref. SFRH/BPD/121748/2016].

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors/ Los autores no han referido ningún potencial conflicto de interés en relación con este artículo.

Notes

1. Translator’s note: ‘nonsense’ in this quote is a translation of the Spanish word ‘mariconada’, which derives from the word ‘maricón’.

 

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