Optimal Design of Timed Antenna Arrays for SLL Reduction, Dual and Multiple Broad Nulls in the Radiation Pattern

Abstract

This work is concerned with the methodology for improvement of the radiation pattern performance and eliminating the effect of unwanted interference of symmetric time modulated linear antenna array (STMLAA) in the predefined direction. This is achieved using evolutionary technique called Novel Particle Swarm Optimization with Wavelet Mutation (NPSOWM) for various application specific optimization like SLL only reduction, dual broad null and multiple broad null optimization. The optimized results obtained by using NPSOWM are validated by CST-MWS by captivating practical elements of dipole antenna and its array configuration. The numerical results show the effect of the particular (practical) antenna on the array. Various examples have taken for this purpose. A set of 16-element antenna array have designed for SLL only reduction. 16-, 32-, and 64-element STMLAA for incorporating the dual broad nulls in the angular range from 400 to 700 over the elevation plane. A set of 24-, 30-, and 32-element antenna array have occupied for multiple broad nulls. The strength of the adopted algorithm is tested for different number of array antenna configuration, which establish the efficacy of the optimization technique NPSOWM adopted for achieving the interference cancellation in the predefined direction and performance improvement of the antenna array such as simultaneous improvements of broad nulls (BNs), sidelobe level (SLL), sideband level (SBL), and the directivity. From the simulated results it is clear that NPSOWM can perform better than that of un-optimized linear antenna array with respect to BNs, SLL, and SBLs and Directivity.

KEYWORDS:

• CSO
• CST-MWS
• First null beamwidth (FNBW)
• Microstrip patch antenna
• Radio frequency (RF) switches
• SLL
• Time modulation

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This work has been supported by the Mexican Council for Science and Technology (CONACyT), under Grant no. 2016-01-1680.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Gopi Ram

Gopi Ram received the BE degree in electronics and telecommunication engineering, from Government Engineering College, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India in 2007. He received the MTech degree from National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India in 2011. Presently, he is attached with NIT Warangal, Telangana, India, as an Assistant Professor in the department of Electronics and Communication Engineering. His research interest includes array antenna design; via evolutionary computing techniques. He has published more than 50 research papers in International Journals and Conferences.

Durbadal Mandal

Durbadal Mandal received the BE degree in electronics and communication engineering, from Regional Engineering College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India in 1996. He received the MTech and PhD degrees from National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India in 2008 and 2011, respectively. Presently, he is attached with National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering. His research interest includes array antenna design; filter optimization via evolutionary computing techniques. He has published more than 320 research papers in International Journals and Conferences. Email: [email protected]

Marco A. Panduro

Marco A Panduro Mendoza received the MS degree in electronics of high frequency and the PhD degree in electronics and telecommunications from the CICESE Research Center in Ensenada, BC, Mexico, in 2001 and 2004, respectively. He was a Professor in the Communications Department at UAT from 2005 to 2015, and he is currently with the CICESE Research Center in Mexico. His current interests include antenna arrays, smart adaptive antennas, microwave devices, and optimization via different evolutionary algorithms. Email: [email protected]

Rajib Kar

Rajib Kar received the BE degree in electronics and communication engineering, from Regional Engineering College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India in 2001. He received the MTech and PhD degrees from National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India in 2008 and 2011, respectively. Presently, he is attached with National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering. His research interest includes VLSI signal processing, filter optimization via evolutionary computing techniques. He has published more than 300 research papers in International Journals and Conferences. Email: [email protected]

Zbynek Raida

Zbynek Raida has graduated at Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication (FEEC BUT). Since 1993, he has been with the Dept of Radio Electronics FEEC but, now he is working as a Professor. In 1996 and 1997, he was with the Laboratoire de Hyperfrequencies, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, working on variational methods of numerical analysis of electromagnetic structures. In 2006–2013, he was the head of the Dept of Radio Electronics, and since 2010 he has been the head of the SIX Center. Together with his students and colleagues, Zbynek Raida has been working on numerical modeling and optimization of electromagnetic structures, exploitation of artificial neural networks for solving electromagnetic compatibility issues, and the design of special antennas. Zbynek Raida is a member of IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society. Email: [email protected]