Blockchain For Intelligent Transport System

ABSTRACT

Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is gaining attention but at the same time, road accidents, congestion, delays, etc. have also increased. Relative information about such events is vital. Such information can be presented in legal processes as digital proof. Availability of the information is not a problem as multidimensional data have been recorded all the time by ITS. Recording all the information in ITS arises the problem of fetching relevant information and removing other facts and figure that are not required to describe certain situations such as an accident. To address this issue, we analyze road accident data and reduce various dimensions with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). We conduct comparative analysis with three datasets where error rate for PCA is 32% with Dataset1. Likewise, error rate for LDA and NMF are 36% and 35%, receptively. While keeping in mind that such reduced data is helpful in many legal processes, we introduce Blockchain in the framework. Blockchain can make data immutable thus can be considered as digital proof. Blockchain also requires a smart contract in this situation between insurance companies to collect data in case of any uncertain situation. Such analysis can offer a different point of views and trends in data. Information can be more explainable to define the situation and helps to develop a friendly environment for day-to-day customers. The proposed framework provides dimensionality reduction of data that eventually reduce the data dimension to store in Blockchain.

KEYWORDS:

• Accident analysis
• Blockchain
• ITS
• Principal component analysis
• Smart transportation system
• Traffic surveillance

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (NRF2017R1C1B5017464).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government [grant number 2020R1A2C1012196].

Notes on contributors

Anandkumar Balasubramaniam

Anandkumar Balasubramaniam received his bachelors in electronics and communication engineering under Anna University, Chennai, India in 2012. Currently, he is pursuing his masters combined PhD program under the supervision of Prof Anand Paul at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea. His research areas include intelligent transportation systems, internet of vehicles, smart city and smart vehicles. Email: [email protected]

Malik Junaid Jami Gul

Malik Junaid Jami Gul received his master's degree in computer science and information technology, Pakistan in 2015. Currently, he is pursuing his PhD with Dr Anand Paul at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea. His research interests include big data analytics, internet of things, smart systems, network traffic analysis and monitoring, smart city,operating system security, intrusion detection, and computer and network security. Email: [email protected]

Varun G. Menon

Varun G Menon (SM'19) is currently an associate professor with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SCMS School of Engineering and Technology, India. He has completed his PhD in computer science and engineering from Sathyabama University, India in 2017. His research interests include sensors, IoT, fog computing, brain computer interface and underwater acoustic sensor networks. He is a distinguished speaker of ACM. He is currently associate editor for IET Quantum Communications Journal, Editorial Member of IEEE Technology Policy and Ethics and a guest editor for IEEE Sensors Journal, IEEE Internet of Things Magazine, IEEE Transactions on Industry Informatics, Computer Communications Journal and the Journal of Supercomputing. Email: [email protected]

Anand Paul

Anand Paul received the PhD degree in electrical engineering from the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, in 2010. He is currently working as an associate professor in the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, South Korea. He is a delegate representing South Korea for M2M focus group and for MPEG. His research interests include algorithm and architecture reconfigurable embedded computing. He is IEEE Senior member and has guest edited various international journals and he is also part of Editorial Team for Journal of Platform Technology, ACM Applied Computing review and Cyber–Physical Systems. He serves as a reviewer for various IEEE /IET/Springer and Elsevier journals. He is the track chair for Smart human computer interaction in ACM SAC 2015, 2014. He was the recipient of the Outstanding International Student Scholarship Award in 2004–2010, the Best Paper Award in National Computer Symposium and in 2009, and organized an International Conference on Soft computing and Network Security, India in 2015.