Concentric Elliptical Antenna Array Synthesis using Sine Cosine Algorithm for Reducing the Sidelobe level

Abstract

This paper employs the Sine Cosine Algorithm, a recent meta-heuristic method, to enhance the radiation properties of concentric elliptical antenna arrays in far-field applications, such as smart grid wireless communication and the Internet of Things. It focuses on minimizing the Sidelobe Level, a key parameter in antenna radiation, to mitigate unwanted signals and interference. The proposed method, known for its global optimization effectiveness, tackles the challenge of designing sparse multiple concentric elliptical arrays. By using the Sine Cosine Algorithm, the inter-element spacing and optimal determination of amplitude coefficients are achieved, resulting in a radiation pattern with reduced sidelobe level. To showcase the adaptability and superior performance of our proposed algorithm, we systematically evaluated its effectiveness across four distinct sets of concentric elliptical antenna arrays. These arrays comprise varying numbers of elements: (6, 12, 18 elements, 6, 12, 18, 24 elements, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 elements and 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 elements) with and without a central element. Using the sine cosine algorithm, we synthesize arrays and compare their sidelobe level and First Null Beam Width values with those from recent methods. Our findings consistently shows that the proposed algorithm consistently outperforms alternatives, yielding significantly lower sidelobe level values in all comparisons.

KEYWORDS:

• Antenna array
• CEAA
• FNBW
• PSO
• Sine Cosine Algorithm
• SLL
• Wireless communications

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the National Institute of Technology Warangal (NITW) authorities for the facilities provided for the present work and would like to thank the editors and the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Nageswar Rao Thadikamalla

Nageswar Rao Thadikamalla passed his BTech He earned a degree in ECE (electronics and communication engineering) from KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY, Warangal, Telangana, India, in 2004. He received the MTech degree in telecommunication systems engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IITKGP), West Bengal, India, in 2008. Presently, He is working as a Institute research scholar in the Dept of ECE, National Institute of Technology,Warangal, Telangana, India. His area of research interests include array antenna design via evolutionary computing techniques and intelligent antennae.

Prakasa Rao Amara

Prakasa Rao Amara obtained his bachelor's degree in ECE from Nagarjuna University, A.P., India, and master's degree from PEC-Pondicherry, India, with electronics and communication engineering as specialization in 1994 and 1998, respectively. Doctoral Degree from National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India. He has more than 24 years of experience in teaching at various organizations. Currently, he is with the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering as an associate professor at National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India. His areas of interest include signal processing, smart antenna systems, and optimization techniques. Presently, he is working on adaptive beam forming of smart antenna arrays. E-mail: [email protected].