Three Wise Monkeys

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Notes

1 C. van Onselen, The Night Trains: Moving Mozambican Miners to and from South Africa, circa 1902–1955 (Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball, 2019).

2 Ibid., 203.

3 Ibid., 205–206.

4 Ibid., 209.

5 E. Stoddard, ‘Mozambique’s Underdevelopment Explained’, Daily Maverick, 12 April 2023, dailymaverick.co.za/article/2023-04-12-book-review-mozambiques-underdevelopment-explained/.

6 See, for example, C. van Onselen, The Seed is Mine: The Life of Kas Maine, a South African Sharecropper, 1894–1985 (Cape Town: David Philip, 1996).

7 See, for example, D. Hedges and A. Rocha, ‘Moçambique durante o apogeu do colonialismo Português, 1945–1961: a economia e a estrutura social’, in D. Hedges, ed., Moçambique no auge do colonialismo, 1930–1961 (Maputo: Departamento de História, Eduardo Mondlane University Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, 1993), 129–195 (História de Moçambique, vol. 3).

8 For an evocative series of photographs of bar girls in the late colonial red-light district of the Rua de Araújo, see R. Rangel, Pão nosso de cada noite (Maputo: Marimbique, 2004). The title translates as ‘Our Nightly Bread’, a sardonic inversion of the Lord’s Prayer.

9 E. Barbosa, A radiodifusão em Moçambique: o caso do Rádio Clube de Moçambique, 1932–1974 (Maputo: Promédia, 2000), 78. My translation.

10 This reviewer was employed at Radio Maputo as a freelance newsreader and programme producer between 1980 and 1987. Record tracks that were banned even in Mozambique were carefully blocked with white blobs of correction fluid.

11 See especially P. Harries, Work, Culture, and Identity: Migrant Labourers in Mozambique and South Africa, c.1860–1910 (Johannesburg; Witwatersrand University Press, 1994); and P. Harries, Butterflies and Barbarians: Swiss Missionaries and Systems of Knowledge in South-East Africa (Oxford: James Currey, 2007).

12 For detailed discussions of Mozambican historiography, see G. Bender and A. Isaacman, ‘The Changing Historiography of Angola and Mozambique’, in C. Fyfe, ed., African Studies since 1945: A Tribute to Basil Davidson (London: Longman, 1976), 220–248; C. Darch, ‘Writing and Research on Mozambique, 1975–1980’, Mozambican Studies (Amsterdam) 1 (1980), 103–112; A. José and M. P. Meneses, eds., Moçambique, 16 anos de historiografia (Maputo: Notícias, 1991); and J. P. Borges Coelho, ‘Politics and Contemporary History in Mozambique: A Set of Epistemological Notes’, Kronos, 39 (2013), 20–31.

13 R. Pélissier, História de Moçambique: formação e oposição 1854–1918 (Lisbon: Editorial Estampa, 1994), originally published in French as Naissance du Mozambique: résistance et révoltes anticoloniales, 1854–1918 (Orgeval: Pélissier, 1984), 2 vols.

14 Carlos Serra (ed.), História de Moçambique, vol. 1: Primeiras sociedades sedentárias e impacto dos mercadores, 200/300-1886 (Maputo: Tempográfica, 1982); Carlos Serra and others (eds.), História de Moçambique, vol. 2: Agressão imperialista, 1886-1930 (Maputo: Cadernos Tempo, 1983); David Hedges and others (eds.), História de Moçambique, vol. 3: Moçambique no auge do colonialismo, 1930-1961 (Maputo: Departamento de História, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, 1993).

15 F. Tavares Pimenta, Brancos de Moçambique: da oposição eleitoral ao Salazarismo à descolonização, 1945–1975 (Porto: Afrontamento, 2018).

16 A. Afonso, O MFA em Moçambique do 25 de abril à independência (Lisbon: Edições Calibri, 2019), 136–137.

17 The post-independence generation of Mozambican authors mostly write in English as fluently as they do in Portuguese.