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A family affair? Exploring the influence of childhood sport socialisation on young adults’ leisure-sport careers in north-west England

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Pages 285-304 | Received 19 Sep 2011, Accepted 12 Jul 2012, Published online: 04 Sep 2012
 

Abstract

Based on interviews conducted with 19 young adults aged 30–35-years-old living in north-west England, this paper examines the features of childhood sport socialisation that typically precede high levels of leisure-sport participation in adulthood. The evidence suggests that the extent to which respondents were invested with different experiences of sport socialisation by their parents was influenced by financial and transport constraints, whether parents had themselves participated in sport, and the extent of parental encouragement. Those with the highest levels of adulthood participation tended to have two sports active parents who encouraged them to participate in leisure-sport, typically for enjoyment and the ‘love' of sport, and who experienced fewer financial and transport constraints than other parents. These respondents were also more likely, to have inherited sporting habituses and values from both parents who were in turn more able, and likely to purposively invest their offspring with different resources during childhood as an aspect of family-based leisure relationships. The evidence suggests, however, that each of the identified features of childhood sport socialisation are necessary, but not sufficient, conditions for promoting high levels of leisure-sport participation during adulthood. Finally, the article concludes that sport policies may help raise the overall level of participation among the population, but frequent, and perhaps more health promoting, participation may remain confined to a minority who benefited from the required kind of sports socialisation in their childhood families.

这篇文章根据对英格兰西北部19个30到35岁之间的年轻人的访谈, 检验了童年体育社会化的人在成年也更多的参与体育运动。有证据表明, 受调查者的父母在很大程度上对他们体育社会化的投资受到金融和交通的制约, 并且还受到父母是否有自己参加体育运动和父母鼓励的影响。那些成年后最多参加体育活动的人往往有两个运动活跃的家长鼓励他们参与休闲运动, 通常是为了享受运动和对运动的热爱, 相比去其他家长也有较少的资金和交通限制。这些受访者也更有可能从父母双方继承体育习惯和价值观, 从而更加可能对他们的后代在童年时期进行更多的体育资源投资, 以休闲运动作为维持家庭关系的一个方面。有证据表明, 但是每一个标识童年体育社会化的体征是必要的但是不是充分的, 作为成年后更多参与体育社会活动的前提。最后, 文章结论是体育政策可能有助于提高人口对于体育的整体参与水平, 但更有效和健康的促进体育参与也许仅限于少数能够从童年家庭的体育社会化中得到益处的人。

Baseado em entrevistas conduzidas com 19 jovens adultos entre 30 e 35 anos de idade morando no noroeste da Inglaterra, este trabalho examina as características da socialização pelo esporte na infância que tipicamente precedem altos níveis de participação em lazer esportivo na vida adulta. A evidência sugere que a amplitude na qual os entrevistados foram levados por seus pais a diferentes experiências de socialização pelo esporte era influenciada por restrições financeiras e de transporte, se os pais participavam também de esportes, e do grau de encorajamento por parte dos pais. Aqueles com os mais altos índices de participação na vida adulta tendiam a ter dois pais praticantes de esporte que os encorajavam a participar de lazer esportivo, geralmente por diversão e pelo “amor” ao esporte, e que tinham menores restrições financeiras e de transporte do que outros pais. Esses entrevistados também eram mais propensos a herdarem habitus e valores esportivos de ambos os pais que eram, por sua vez, mais capazes e mais propensos a propositalmente oferecer a seus filhos diferentes recursos durante a infância, como um aspecto das relações de lazer da família. No entanto, a evidência sugere que cada uma das características identificadas da socialização pelo esporte na infância é condição necessária, mas não suficiente, para promover altos níveis de participação em lazer esportivo na vida adulta. Por fim, o artigo conclui que políticas esportivas podem ajudar a aumentar o nível geral de participação entre a população, mas a participação frequente, e talvez mais ligada à saúde, pode permanecer confinada a uma minoria que se beneficia das formas requeridas de socialização pelo esporte nas famílias de sua infância.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the three anonymous reviewers, and particularly the first reviewer, for their helpful comments on the original version of our paper.

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