The perceptual responses to high-velocity, low-load and low-velocity, high-load resistance exercise in older adults

ABSTRACT

The present study examined exercise affect during volume-load matched, high-velocity, low-load and low-velocity, high-load resistance exercise conditions in older adults. Ten older adults completed three sets of eight exercises on six separate occasions (three high-velocity, low-load and three low-velocity, high-load sessions) in a crossover study design. High-velocity, low-load was performed at 40% of predicted one repetition maximum, and low-velocity, high-load at 80%. The Physical Activity Affect Scale, Felt Arousal Scale, Feeling Scale, Rating of Perceived Exertion, Visual Analogue Scales, and the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale examined exercise intensity and affect. There were moderate effects of exercise condition on positive exercise affect (P = 0.067; ${\eta }_{\mathrm{P}}^2$ = 0.33), and trivial effects on negative exercise affect (P = 0.904; ${\eta }_{\mathrm{P}}^2$ = 0.002). Rating of perceived exertion (P < 0.001; ${\eta }_{\mathrm{P}}^2$ = 0.41) and fatigue (P = 0.012; ${\eta }_{\mathrm{P}}^2$ = 0.52) were greater during low-velocity, high-load. Furthermore, high-velocity, low-load facilitated statistically insignificant, favourable changes (less exertion, more enjoyment etc.) for all other measures. These findings combined with emerging evidence that high-velocity, low-load is superior for improving muscle power and/or functional performance, indicates that high-velocity, low-load should be prescribed preferentially. However, both exercise conditions were enjoyed similarly, demonstrating that individual preference is an important consideration.

KEYWORDS:

• Older adults
• resistance exercise
• health education
• exercise affect

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.