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Journal of Sports Sciences Volume 38, 2020 - Issue 17
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Physical Activity, Health and Exercise

Improving cognitive and physical function through 12-weeks of resistance training in older adults: Randomized controlled trial

Paulo Ricardo Pereira Dos Santosa Clinical Exercise Lab (LABEC), Physical Education Department, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, BrazilORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-410X
ORCID Icon,
Bruno Remígio Cavalcantea Clinical Exercise Lab (LABEC), Physical Education Department, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil;d Laboratório De Pesquisa Em Saúde E Desempenho Funcional (LABSED), University of Pernambuco (Campus Petrolina), Petrolina, Brazil;e Associated Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE-UFPB, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, BrazilORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6628-2894
ORCID Icon,
Andreya Karolyne Dos Santos Vieiraa Clinical Exercise Lab (LABEC), Physical Education Department, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil;f Hospital Universitário Da Universidade Federal Do Vale Do São Francisco (HU-UNIVASF-EBSERH), Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco, Petrolina, BrazilORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8321-6442
ORCID Icon,
Marcos Duarte Guimarãesc Department of Medicine, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Antônio Marconi Leandro Da Silvac Department of Medicine, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Anderson Da Costa Armstrongc Department of Medicine, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, BrazilORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3161-8922
ORCID Icon,
Rodrigo Gustavo Da Silva Carvalhob Physical Education Department, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, BrazilORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3456
ORCID Icon,
Ferdinando Oliveira De Carvalhob Physical Education Department, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, BrazilORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0306-5910
ORCID Icon &
Mariana Ferreira De Souzaa Clinical Exercise Lab (LABEC), Physical Education Department, Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, BrazilCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9390-2828
ORCID Icon show all
Pages 1936-1942 | Accepted 17 Apr 2020, Published online: 31 Jul 2020
 
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ABSTRACT

We performed a randomized, controlled trial to analyse the effects of resistance training (RT) on cognitive and physical function among older adults. Fifty participants (mean age 67 years, ~60% woman) were randomly assigned to an RT program or a control group. Participants allocated to RT performed three sets of 10-15RM in nine exercises, three times per week, for 12-weeks. Control group did not perform any exercise. Variables included cognitive (global and executive function) and physical function (gait, mobility and strength) outcomes. At completion of the intervention, RT was shown to have significantly mitigated the drop in selective attention and conflict resolution performance (Stroop test: -494.6; 95%CI: -883.1; −106.1) and promoted a significant improvement in working memory (digit span forward: -0.6; 95%CI: −1.0; −0.1 and forward minus backward: -0.9; 95% CI: −1.6; −0.2) and verbal fluency (animal naming: +1.4, 95%CI 0.3, 2.5). No significant between-group differences were observed for other cognitive outcomes. Regarding physical function, at completion of the intervention, the RT group demonstrated improved fast-pace gait performance (−0.3; 95% CI: −0.6; −0.0) and 1-RM (+21.4 kg; 95%CI: 16.6; 26.2). No significant between-group differences were observed for other mobility-related outcomes. In conclusion, RT improves cognitive and physical function of older adults.

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank all the study participants and CNPq and FACEPE for financial support (undergraduate scholarships). Additionally, we would like to thank CAPES that has supported Mariana Ferreira de Souza with a scholarship of visiting professor at University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (PVEX-88881.337437/2019-01).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

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