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ABSTRACT
Accumulated Toxicity, disease recurrence and drug resistivity problems have been observed due to the synthetic and semisynthetic therapeutic practices, which alternatively led to focus on Bio-therapeutics production than xenobiotics. Quick plasma clearance and high potency are the reasons for trending research with huge pharma market of numerous Bio-therapeutics than ever before. Researchers proved that most of the nano and micro Bio-therapeutics have multiple beneficial therapeutic effects. We have analyzed the past, and present scenario of some notable clinically approved Bio-therapeutics to identify the future formulation needs with advanced techniques. Protein-related drugs are the foremost Bio-therapeutics such as antibodies, enzymes, and short, fragmented polypeptides show aggregation properties during storage, naked peptide moieties are resisted by the polar cell membrane, and also the antidrug antibodies were reported. Even though Nucleic acid nano-bodies are excellent target binders than proteins, they had only a few minutes of half-life. Maintaining homogeneousness upon storage of Bio-therapeutics is still a significant challenge in industrial-scale formulation. Notably, plant systems are identified as most useful cost-effective hosts to produce human enzymes than animal systems without any possible viral loads. Irrespective of numerous advancements in routes of administration and additives, subcutaneous is still a golden one to achieve better dynamics. Additionally, the interactions and effective bonds made by each class of well-known aptamer biotherapeutics which are considered as future drugs were studied.
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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
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Notes on contributors
Subramaniyan Manibalan
Subramaniyan Manibalan is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Biotechnology of Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology. His research interests include Drug discovery, Aptamer Designing, Proteomics and molecular medicine. He has guided 17 undergraduate projects including 4 funded (state level) and received Best project supervisor award in the year of 2018.
Kandasamy Thirukumaran
Kandasamy Thirukumaran is a research scholar of Indian Institute of Technology – Guwahati, India. He completed his B. Tech, Biotechnology in the department of Kamaraj college of Engineering and Technology in the year of 2018. Recently he has published 2 research articles in the field of Aptamer designing. He is interested in Molecular medicine and Gene therapy.
Mathimaran Varshni
Mathimaran Varshni, completed her B. Tech, Biotechnology from Kamaraj college of Engineering and Technology and she did her thesis work in polymer scaffolding for drug delivery in IICT, India. Now she is one of the successful candidates doing R& D in the pharma industry.
Ayyasamy Shobana
Ayyasamy Shobana is M. Tech, Biotechnology graduate interested in drug designing, computational and systems biology research. She received a state-level funding for her undergraduate thesis work and received the best project award for her research. She worked in scorpion venom peptidomics for her master thesis.
Anant Achary
Anant Achary is a senior Professor with rich experience in industry, academia and research. He received his M. Tech and Doctoral degree in biotechnology from Anna University, Chennai, India. He received 3 excellence awards for his responsible services in academic and for society. He has guided 7 doctoral students and published 25 research articles in the field of biotechnology. His research interests include Bioprocess Technology, Algal Biotechnology, Drug discovery and Environmental Biotechnology. In addition to research publication he has 1 patent. He has also guided several UG and PG students for their end semester project work.