Pre-harvest accumulation of deoxynivalenol in sweet corn ears inoculated with Fusarium graminearum

Abstract

Three types of commercial sweet corn hybrids [sugary (su1), shrunken or ‘supersweet’ (sh2) and sugary enhancer (se1)] were silk channel inoculated in 1996 and 1997 with a macroconidial suspension of Fusarium graminearum to determine how early the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol accumulates in kernels. Disease symptoms rapidly developed on all hybrids and were apparent 4 days after inoculation. Symptoms stabilized by 28 days after inoculation. Toxin levels were greater than 1 μg/g in kernels as early as 2 weeks after silk emergence and rapidly increased to extremely high levels. Susceptibility in all hybrids decreased as the silk dried out. Deoxynivalenol concentrations were correlated to disease severity. There was some indication that the sh2 genotype was more susceptible than the su1 or se1 genotypes. These results suggest that improvement needs to be made in sweet corn with respect to resistance to gibberella ear rot.

Keywords:

• Deoxynivalenol Fusarium Graminearum Mycotoxin Sweet Corn