Microencapsulation of an indigenous isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis by spray drying

Abstract

In this study, microencapsulation by spray drying was performed to protect spores and crystals of an indigenous isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis Se13 from environmental stress. The effects of wall material, inlet temperature, and outlet temperature on microencapsulation of Bt-Se13 were investigated using Taguchi’s orthogonal array. The most suitable wall material determined as maltodextrin DE10. The optimum inlet and outlet temperatures of spray drier were determined as 160 °C and 70 °C, respectively. The number of viable spores, mean particle size, wetting time, percentage of suspensibility and moisture content of the product produced under optimum conditions were determined as 8.1 × 10¹¹ cfu g⁻¹, 13.462 µm, 25.22 s, 77.66% and 7.29%, respectively. As a result of efficiency studies on Spodoptera exigua in the laboratory conditions, the LC₅₀ was determined as 1.6 × 10⁴ cfu mL⁻¹. Microencapsulated Bt-Se13 based bio-pesticide may be registered for the control of S. exigua and can be tested against other lepidopterans which share the same environment.

KEYWORDS:

• Microencapsulation
• spray drying
• optimisation
• Taguchi method
• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Biocontrol

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering for electron microscopy studies.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

We thank The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (2211-C) and Karadeniz Technical University [Project No: BAP02 FHD-2017–5778] for providing generous financial support for undertaking this study.