An experimental study of thermal energy storage with phase change materials by design of experiments

Abstract

Accurate theoretical modelling and simulation of thermal energy storage (TES) by means of phase change materials (PCM) is very complex and its results are not close enough to experimental values. This paper presents the empirical study of a thermal storage unit operating with a commercial PCM called RT25. The study is carried out by means of the statistical procedure, Design of Experiments. This methodology has rarely been used in the analysis of heat transfer problems. The present study has allowed us to investigate the phenomena involved and to design an actual system. We show the whole procedure followed in order to design the set-up, to run the experiments with a 2³ factorial design, to compare its results with a numerical simulation and to get the empirical model by regression. Its results have been used to design actual installations aimed at free-cooling or maintaining the temperature constant in rooms where thermal security is necessary.

Keywords:

• Factorial design
• simulation
• thermal energy storage
• phase change materials

Acknowledgements

This work has been financed by the Government of Aragón (DGA) and the Research Vicerectorate of the University of Zaragoza. The authors would like to acknowledge the collaboration of the following companies: Trox, Basf, Cepsa-Petresa, Repsol and Rubitherm.