https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8014-3420
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ABSTRACT
The period from 1867 to 1918 represents one of the most productive and intense eras of town building and modernization within the Kingdom of Hungary. From the beginning of modern urban planning, the leading Hungarian urban planners and theorists followed all the major themes of the era’s planning discussion. The modern urban planning principles, as well as the common urban design language (rings, avenues, city parks etc.) acted as a common platform for the town shaping in the entire country. Especially Budapest-based architect Antal Palóczi implemented very soon and with decisive success these commonly used strategies and solutions in his regulatory plans. Even these plans remained often unrealized as whole, their main ideas could be traced in the later urban planning solutions of the twentieth century despite the fact the later planners never referred to the first plans. The current study is the result of research and interpretation of newly discovered and unpublished plans and maps, which marked the beginning of modern urban planning at the beginning of the twentieth century in Pozsony, currently Bratislava and Újvidék, Novi Sad in present-day Serbia.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the VEGA under Grant 2/0074/17; APVV under Grant 16-0584; NSP SAIA under Grant 17516; NTP-NFTÖ under Grant 16-0859; NTP-NFTÖ under Grant 17-B-0528.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Notes on contributors
Henrieta Moravčíková is head of the Department of Architecture at the Institute of History, Slovak Academy of Sciences and professor of the architecture history at the Faculty of Architecture, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava. Her field of interest is 20th and 21st century architecture with focus on Modern Movement and architecture heritage. She is chair of the Slovak DOCOMOMO chapter. She has published several monographs, tens of studies and critiques on architecture of 20th century and prepared several architecture exhibitions. Her last book Architect Friedrich Weinwurm (2014) was awarded International DAM Architectural Book Award 2015.
Laura Pastoreková is an architect working at the Department of Architecture at the Institute of History, Slovak Academy of Sciences. In 2017 she finished her doctoral degree at the Faculty of Architecture, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava. Her research field is history and theory of architecture of the 20th and 21st century with focus on the military architecture and urban history. At the Department of Architecture, she is participating on the biennial publication Slovak Architecture Yearbook. She is a member of the Slovak DOCOMOMO working group.
Éva Lovra, PhD in architectural sciences, town planner and civil engineer with two master degrees. Her research field is urban tissue and urban typology (1867–1918), urban morphology, theory and urban history of the same period; urban and architectural theory after the WWII in Serbia. In 2014 her scientific monograph, Subotica's urbanism and architecture after the Second World War (1948–1975) was published. She was a researcher at the Hungarian Academy of Arts, participated in numerous foreign research journeys, worked as a researcher in Slovakia, Czech Republic, Croatia and as a guest lecturer in Italy. Her scientific work has been rewarded with several awards.
Notes
1 Palóczi, “Budapest főváros alaki rendezéséről.”
2 Palóczi, “Az építésügyi szabályzatok kérdéséhez.”
3 Fényes, Magyarország geográfiai szótára.
4 Kollerffy, A Magyar Korona Országainak Helységnévtára; Magyar Szent Korona Országainak Helységnévtára I. II. (Budapest, 1913).
5 Moravčíková et al., “Red or Blue? The Start of Modern Planning in Bratislava.”
6 Helmár, “Pozsony és a városépítési elvei a múltban és a jelenben,” 29.
7 Magyar Mérnök - és Építész Egylet Heti Értesítője, July 15, 1900, 21, 28.
8 Prof. Palóczi über die Stadtregulierung, Pressburger Zeitung, December 11, 1908, 2.
9 Prof. Palóczi über die Stadtregulierung, Pressburger Zeitung, December 15, 1908, 2.
10 Újvidék szabályozása és bővítése, Újvidéki Napló, July 30, 1911,1–2.
11 Ibid., 9.
12 Palóczi, A mai városépítés alapelvei, 10–11.
13 Vortrag Prof. Anton Palóczis über den Stadtregulierungsplan. Pressburger Zeitung, July 17, 1917, 3.
14 Újvidéki Napló November 15, 1911, 4.
15 Biblioteka Matice Srpske, Plan grada Novog Sada, Gradski građevinski odeljak, Pg III 20.