A review on ultrasonic spot welding of copper alloys

Abstract

As a solid state joining process, ultrasonic spot welding has been proven to be a promising technique for joining copper alloys. However, challenges still remain in employing ultrasonic spot welding to join copper alloys. This article comprehensively reviews the current state of ultrasonic spot welding of copper alloys with a number of critical issues including materials flow, plastic deformation, temperature distribution, vibration, relative motion, vertical displacement, interface friction coefficient, online monitoring technique, coupled with the macrostructure and microstructure, the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. In addition, the future trends in this field are provided.

KEYWORDS:

• Ultrasonic spot welding
• Cu/Cu joints
• process characteristic
• mechanical and electrical properties
• online monitoring technique
• microstructure
• macrostructure
• electrical conductivity

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51905171, 51975406) and Program of the University Students’ Innovation and Pioneering in North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power (2018XA002).