Invited Article Experimental techniques for the investigation of ferroelectric liquid crystals

L. M. Blinov Institute of Crystallography, U.S.S.R. Academy of Science, Leninsky prospekt 59, Moscow, 117333, U.S.S.R.

V. A. Baikalov Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya 1-4, Moscow, 103787, U.S.S.R.

M. I. Barnik Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya 1-4, Moscow, 103787, U.S.S.R.

L. A. Beresnev Institute of Crystallography, U.S.S.R. Academy of Science, Leninsky prospekt 59, Moscow, 117333, U.S.S.R.

E. P. Pozhidayev Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya 1-4, Moscow, 103787, U.S.S.R.

S. V. Yablonsky Institute of Crystallography, U.S.S.R. Academy of Science, Leninsky prospekt 59, Moscow, 117333, U.S.S.R.

Abstract

A review is given of several experimental methods for the measurement of the performance parameters of ferroelectric liquid crystals. We discuss (a) the technique for measuring the spontaneous polarization, the elastic modulus and dielectric susceptibility for the tilt of the director (the pyro-electric method), (b) the measurement of the tilt angle and the optical anisotropy (the electro-optical method) and (c) the determination of the non-linear susceptibility of the chiral smectic C∗ phase (the optical second harmonic generation technique).

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