Claude Berube and Patrick Cullen (eds.) Maritime Private Security: Market Responses to Piracy, Terrorism and Waterborne Security Risks in the 21st Century

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Notes

¹ For instance, James Jay Carafano, ‘The United States’ Use of Maritime Private Security From the War of Independence to the 21st Century', pp.13–24.

² See for instance, Gordan Evans Van Hook, ‘Private Security at Sea: A Customer's Perspective’, pp.65–73; and Carolin Liss, ‘Commercial Anti-piracy Escorts in the Malacca Strait’, pp.51–64. Liss examines the complex legal setting in PMSC operations in the Malacca Strait (also touching upon how states may lend legitimacy to PMSCs by engaging with private actors).

³ See for instance, Roger Hawkes, ‘Securing the Offshore Oil Industry in the Gulf of Guinea’, pp.138–150.

⁴ Constructivism as a theoretical approach looks at the way processes of social practices and interaction create reality and meaning. See for instance, Alexander Wendt who gives ideas primacy over material factors and argues that interests and ideas are constructed, rather than naturally given. See, for instance, his ‘Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics’, International Organization 46/2 (1992) pp.391–425. The constructivist stance is also reflected in choice of methods where some employ discourse analysis.

⁵ Deborah D. Avant, The Market for Force: The Consequences of Privatizing Security (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2005); Peter W. Singer, Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press 2008). David Shearer, ‘Outsourcing War’, Foreign Policy Fall (1998) pp.68–81; Rita Abrahamsen and Michael C. Williams, ‘Security Beyond the State: Global Security Assemblages in International Politics’, International Political Sociology 3 (2009) pp.1–17.

⁶ Elke Krahmann, ‘Commercial Risk Consulting and Management in the Maritime Sector’, pp.1 81–92.

⁷ Patrick Cullen, ‘Surveying the Market in Maritime Private Security Services’, pp.25–37; Brendon J. Mills and Howard R. Ernst, ‘Maritime Eco-extremism Reconsidered: Under-standing Fourth Generation Eco-warriors in the Modern Media Age’, pp.205–14.

⁸ Peter Chalk, ‘Maritime Terrorism: Scope, Dimensions and Potential Threat Contingencies’, pp.153–80.

⁹ Stig Hansen, ‘Private Security, Maritime Protection and Surveillance in Somaliland’, pp.113–25.