Perceiving mixed valence emotions reduces intergroup dehumanisation

ABSTRACT

To deny others’ humanity is one of the most heinous forms of intergroup prejudice. Given evidence that perceiving various forms of complexity in outgroup members reduces intergroup prejudice, we investigated across three experiments whether the novel dimension of emotional complexity, or outgroup members’ joint experience of mixed-valence emotions, would also reduce their dehumanisation. Experiment 1 found that perceiving fictitious aliens’ experience of the same primary emotions (e.g. sadness) presented in mixed vs. non-mixed valence pairs led to reduced prejudice via attenuated dehumanisation, i.e. attribution of uniquely human emotions. Experiment 2 confirmed these results, using an unfamiliar real-world group as an outgroup target. Experiment 3 used a familiar outgroup and found generally similar effects, reducing social distance through reduced dehumanisation. These processes suggest that an alternate route to reduced dehumanising of outgroups might involve presenting mixed valence emotions.

KEYWORDS:

• Emotions
• dehumanisation
• intergroup relations
• intergroup bias
• social distance

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1 Given that in Study 2 we considered not only UH but also N-UH emotions, we employed only six of the eight UH emotions used in Study 1 to shorten the questionnaire, removing “pride” and “regret”.