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Articles

Mnemonic emotion regulation: a three-process model

Pages 959-975 | Received 05 Jul 2017, Accepted 03 Sep 2018, Published online: 03 Oct 2018
 

ABSTRACT

Emotion regulation comprises attempts to influence when and how emotions are experienced and expressed. It has mostly been conceived of as proactive (e.g. situation selection) or reactive (e.g. attentional distraction), but it may also be retroactive and involve memory. I term such past-oriented activity mnemonic emotion regulation and propose that it involves increasing or decreasing access to or altering the characteristics of a memory. People may increase access to a memory and make it more likely that it will be retrieved in the future, for example by rehearsing a pleasant memory. They may decrease access to a memory and make it less likely that intrusions will be experienced in the future, for example by repeatedly trying to stop an unpleasant memory from being retrieved. Finally, people may alter the characteristics of a memory and change its content or context, for example by replacing a negative impression with a productive interpretation. I discuss how mnemonic emotion regulation may be instigated (e.g. via elaborate rehearsal) as well as the different motives (e.g. hedonic motives) people may have for engaging in regulation. Also, I discuss possible benefits of, variations in, and improvements of mnemonic emotion regulation.

PSYCLNFO CLASSIFICATION:

Acknowledgements

I thank Christina Labohn Bleeg, Johannes Lang, and Niels Henry Sigvardsen Bleeg for their comments and help with proofreading the drafts of this article.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

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