Evaluation of the Safety and Tolerability of Conjunctival Ring for Posterior Segment of the Eye

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of conjunctival rings (CRs), a novel device for drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye.

Methods: In animal studies, CRs containing 5% dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) or vehicle solution were placed on the right and left eyes of C57BL/6J mice, respectively. Contact lenses (CLs) containing vehicle solution were used as a control. Twenty-four hours after placement of the CRs, corneal fluorescein staining was graded based on the McDonald-Shadduck scoring system, ranging from 0 to 4. In humans, CRs containing vehicle solution were placed on the right eye of healthy volunteers for 9 hours. The corneal curvature, corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, visual acuity, tear production (Schirmer I test), tear film break-up time and fluorescein staining scores of the cornea (scores ranging from 0 to 3) and conjunctiva (scores ranging from 0 to 6) were assessed before and after wearing the CRs. The release characteristics of DSP from CRs were also evaluated.

Results: In animal experiments, corneal fluorescein staining scores were 1 or less in all the groups, and there was no significant difference between the CR group and the CL group. In the preclinical safety evaluation of CR for humans, ophthalmic examination revealed that CR caused no significant changes in all the parameters investigated including corneal curvature (p = 0.77), corneal thickness (p = 0.96), intraocular pressure (p = 0.59), visual acuity (p = 0.14), Schirmer I test results (p = 0.76), tear film break-up time (p = 0.68), corneal fluorescein staining scores (p = 0.64), and conjunctival fluorescein staining scores (p = 0.52). The DSP release from CRs occurs within a few hours, which is similar to the drug-release property of medicated CL, as reported previously.

Conclusions: The current data showed the safety and tolerability of CR as a drug delivery device for the treatment of posterior segment diseases.

KEYWORDS:

• Conjunctival ring
• drug delivery device
• hydrogel exoplant

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Ikuyo Hirose, Shiho Yoshida, and Erdal Tan Ishizuka for their skillful technical assistance in this project.

Funding

This study was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research B [No. 24390392]) and Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Declaration of interests

S.I. received financial support from Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. S.Y. is an employee of Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. All remaining authors have declared no conflict of interests. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research B [No. 24390392]) and Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.