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Abstract
ABSTRACT—Anthracolestes sergeii, gen. et sp. nov., based on three isolated lower molars and several edentulous dentary fragments from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) Itat Formation at Berezovsk Quarry in Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russia, is the oldest and most basal representative of Dryolestidae. It shows four unambiguous synapomorphies of Dryolestidae: lower molars with unilaterally hypsodont crowns, unequal roots, and pronounced precingulid instead of cusp f, and dentary with unequal alveolar borders. The dental formula of the new taxon is i1–4, c (double-rooted), p1–4(?), and m1–4(?). Anthracolestes sergeii, gen. et sp. nov., is plesiomorphic relative to more derived and geologically younger dryolestids in having possibly fewer lower molars, less pronounced mesiodistal compression of lower molars, oblique protocristid, short mandibular symphysis, and shallow mandibular ramus of the dentary. Asia is most likely the place of origin for Dryolestidae, but this group is so far not known from that continent after the Middle Jurassic.
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for reading the manuscript and suggestions. This study was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) grant MA 1643/14-1, the Board of the President of the Russian Federation (MD-802.2009.4), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects 07-04-00393, 10-04-01350, 13-04-01401, and 11-04-91331-NNIO), as well as the Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences ‘Origin of the Life and Establishment of Biosphere.’ G. Oleschinski (Bonn) assisted at the SEM. For assistance in the field and/or picking the concentrate, we thank I. Danilov, D. Grigoriev, R. Hielscher, K. Jäger, J. Könen, S. Krasnolutskii, D. Rohkamp, R. Schellhorn, J. Schultz, A. Schwermann, L. Schwermann, P. Skutschas, E. Syromyatnikova, and A. Valeev.
Handling editor: Guillermo Rougier.