Is cow's milk suitable for the dietary supplementation of rural Gambian children? 2. Patterns of cow's milk intake

Summary

Cow's milk has been advocated as a source of supplementary diet for children in many parts of the developing world. The frequency and forms of cow's milk intake and the factors regulating its availability and consumption by 507 children aged up to 6 years in three Gambian villages were measured. Nineteen per cent of mothers did not give cow's milk to their children. Of 413 children taking cow's milk, 4100 consumed it only once a week, 32% two to four times a week, 19% once a day and 8% more than once a day. Eighty per cent of children took both fresh and sour milk. Forty-one per cent of infants up to 1 year old received cow's milk at some time. There was a decrease with age in the proportion of children taking fresh milk and a rise with age in the proportion taking sour milk alone (p < 0.001) and both forms of milk. Only 2% of children were reported to have an adverse reaction to fresh cow's milk. The main factors affecting intake were the availability of money and milk. The consumption of cow's milk in early life is common and free of adverse effects. When it is available, it should be used to supplement the diet of the weaned child.