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Chemistry and Ecology Volume 31, 2015 - Issue 2
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Short Note

Plant roots influence microbial activities as well as cadmium and zinc fractions in metal-contaminated soil

Hirotaka SumiDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto390-8621, Japan
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Takashi KunitoDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto390-8621, Japan;Institute of Mountain Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto390-8621, JapanCorrespondence[email protected]
,
Yuichi IshikawaDepartment of Biological Environment, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Kaidobata-Nishi, Shimoshinjo-Nakano, Akita010-0195, Japan
,
Tsuyoshi SatoNagano Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Experiment Station, 1066-1 Tokoo, Soga, Shiojiri399-6461, Japan
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Ho-Dong ParkDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto390-8621, Japan;Institute of Mountain Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto390-8621, Japan
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Kazunari NagaokaSoil Science and Plant Nutrition Division, NARO Agricultural Research Center, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba305-8666, Japan
&
Yoshio AikawaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai980-8579, Japan;Mitsubishi Materials Corporation, 1-3-2 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo100-8117, Japan
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Pages 105-110 | Received 25 Apr 2014, Accepted 08 Jul 2014, Published online: 30 Aug 2014
 
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Abstract

Changes in soil pH, soil heavy metal forms, and the metabolic diversity of microbial communities were examined in soil samples collected in 1-mm increments from barley roots in soil contaminated with cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) using a rhizobox system. Concentrations of exchangeable Cd and Zn increased near the roots owing to a decrease in soil pH. Conversely, the concentration of inorganically bound Cd and Zn decreased near the roots. Despite having the highest concentration of the most toxic exchangeable metals, the rhizosphere also had the highest bacterial and fungal metabolic activity and diversity when assessed using BIOLOG plates. Therefore, the promoting effects of root exudates on microbial activity could outweigh the adverse effects of Cd and Zn on microorganisms in the rhizosphere.

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