Development and validation of the parental health literacy scale for children with asthma (PHLSCA)

Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to develop and validate an instrument to assess the health literacy of parents of children with asthma in a Chinese context.

Methods

The preliminary Parental Health Literacy Scale for Children with Asthma (PHLSCA) was developed based on a literature review and refined to 45 items through two rounds of expert consultation using the Delphi method. A total of 481 parents of children with asthma were recruited from seven hospitals across four provinces in China between February and April 2019. Principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to evaluate the structural and construct validity of the scale.

Results

The development and validation processes led to a 38 items scale comprising three subscales, namely: Health Knowledge (11 items), Health Skills (19 items) and Health Behavior (8 items). The scale demonstrated good reliability, with an internal consistency of Cronbach’s α = 0.956 and a split-half reliability of r = 0.887 (p < 0.01). The Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.81 to 1.00, and the Scale-CVI was 0.842. The correlation coefficients and factor analysis results indicated good construct validity, with the factors explaining 59.33% to 62.90% of the variance in each subscale.

Conclusions

The final version of the questionnaire (PHLSCA) has been demonstrated to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing the health literacy of parents of Chinese children with asthma.

Keywords:

• Asthma
• health literacy
• parents
• family-centered care
• scale development

Acknowledgement

We express our sincere gratitude to the children, families, and participating hospitals for their invaluable contributions to this research.

Additionally, we extend our thanks to Jim Stout from Indiana University, USA (retired), for his assistance with editing this paper.

Declaration of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. They are solely responsible for the content and writing of this paper.

Additional information

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.