Burden of rheumatoid arthritis in the Nordic region, 1990–2015: a comparative analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Abstract

Objective: To report mortality and disability due to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Nordic region (Denmark, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2015.

Method: Using the results of GBD 2015, we present rates and trends in prevalence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability (YLD), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of RA in the Nordic region during 1990–2015.

Results: In 2015, the age-standardized prevalence of RA was higher in the Nordic region than the global level (0.44%, 95% uncertainty interval 0.40–0.48%, vs 0.35%, 0.32–0.38%). For women (men), DALYs increased by 2.4% (12.9%), from 29 263 (10 909) in 1990 to 29 966 (12 311) in 2015. The burden of RA as a proportion of total DALYs in women (men) increased from 0.90% (0.29%) in 1990 to 0.94% (0.36%) in 2015. Age-standardized DALY rates declined in all countries except Denmark and Greenland between 1990 and 2015. Of 315 conditions studied, RA was ranked as the 16th (37th) leading cause of YLD in women (men) in the region. Of 195 countries studied, Greenland, Finland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Iceland had the 7th, 11th, 28th, 38th, 48th, and 78th highest age-standardized YLD rates for RA, respectively.

Conclusions: The prevalence of RA in the Nordic region is higher than the global average. Current trends in population growth and ageing suggest a potential increase in RA burden in the coming decades in the region that should be considered in healthcare resources allocation.

Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the support from the Swedish Research Council, Crafoord Foundation, Greta and Kocks Foundation, the Faculty of Medicine Lund University, Governmental Funding of Clinical Research within the National Health Service (ALF) and Region Skåne.

Supporting Information

Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

Supplementary Table S1. Actual and counterfactual changes in total disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from rheumatoid arthritis, 1990–2015.

Supplementary Figure S1. Age-standardized prevalence (95% UI) of rheumatoid arthritis by gender, 1990–2015.

Supplementary Figure S2. Age- and gender-specific prevalence (%) of rheumatoid arthritis in the Nordic region and the world, 2015.

Supplementary Figure S3. Age-standardized years of life lost (YLL) from rheumatoid arthritis, 1990–2015.

Supplementary Figure S4. Burden of rheumatoid arthritis as a proportion of total years lived with disability (YLD), 1990–2015.

Supplementary Figure S5. Age-standardized years lived with disability (YLD) from rheumatoid arthritis, 1990–2015.

Supplementary Figure S6. Burden of rheumatoid arthritis as a proportion of total disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), 1990–2015.

Supplementary Figure S7. Age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from rheumatoid arthritis, 1990–2015.

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Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Crafoordska Stiftelsen;Greta och Johan Kocks stiftelser;Swedish Research Council;