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International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry Volume 103, 2023 - Issue 12
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Research Article

Pyrolysis of almond shell biomass: effect of temperature and catalyst on product yield

Muhammad Imran Dina Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PakistanCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7158-2843
ORCID Icon,
Alizzah Amanata Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
,
Zaib Hussaina Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
,
Rida Khalida Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
&
Abdul Raufb Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Pages 2827-2840 | Received 13 Jan 2021, Accepted 26 Feb 2021, Published online: 22 Mar 2021
 
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ABSTRACT

Pyrolysis of Prunus dulcis was performed in the presence off our catalysts (ZnCl2, Fe2O3, Alumina, and ZSM-5) using a fixed bed tubular reactor. The factors affecting the product yield were premeditated. Prunus dulcisshowed a high heating value of 19.72 MJ/Kg which makes it very efficient for biofuel usage. Biochar obtained showed high carbon content and large heating values. Different pyrolytic product yields were obtained with different catalysts. Among all the catalysts, alumina and ZSM-5 showed a maximum yield of liquid product. FT-IR, GC-MS, and elemental analysis were performed to determine the product yield and bio oil compositions.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

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