Adsorption mechanism of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories in wastewater using regenerable adsorbent (CCL): statistical modelling isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic comparative studies

ABSTRACT

The study was performed to investigate the biosorption mechanism of Diclofenac Sodium and Ketotifen Fumarate onto CCL biosorbent using isotherms models (Langmuir, Freundlich). Effects of parameters influencing the biosorption such as temperature, pH, biosorbent dose, contact time and biosorbate initial concentration were all investigated and optimised using a batch system. The comparison between various models indicates that the nonlinear form of Langmuir model was the best way to describe the equilibrium data that were approved using error functions: the coefficient of determination (R²), Average relative error (ARE), the sum of the squares of the errors (SSE), Marquardt’s percent standard deviation (MPSD), Hybrid fractional error function (HYBRID), Sum of the absolute errors (SAE) and ‘sum of the normalised errors (SNE)’ parameter. The kinetics experimental data was best predicted by the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption mechanism identified external mass transfer as the principal measure of velocity control step. Thermodynamically, the process is spontaneous, exothermic and the adsorption was more favourable at lower temperatures. It was found that the regeneration is required as it changes the surface morphology of the biosorbent. Therefore, CCL biosorbent is considered as cost-effective and eco-efficient for removing Diclofenac and Ketotifen adsorbate from aqueous media by adsorption technique especially with its low cost preparation and regeneration.

KEYWORDS:

• Ketotifen fumarate
• calcined cow leather
• diclofenac sodium
• adsorption
• linear and non-linear isotherm
• wastewater treatment

Acknowledgments

We are thankful to University Hassan II, University of Orleans, National Laboratory of drugs control Rabat, and the National Center of Scientific and Technical Research of Morocco (CNRST of Morocco) for providing necessary facilities for this research work.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Authors contribution

Hasnaa Hiyane: Conceptualisation, Methodology, Writing- Original draft preparation, Formal analysis.

Saida Benkaddour: Investigation, validation.

Imane El Ouahabi: Reviewing and Editing

Rachid Slimani: Data curation, validation, Reviewing and Editing.

Mohamed Essoufy: Reviewing and Editing.

Benoît Cagnon: Visualisation, Reviewing and Editing

Khalid kharrouchi: Reviewing and Editing

Said Lazar: Supervision, project administration and funding acquisition.

Said El Antri: Project administration and funding acquisition.

Data availability statement

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its additional files).

A Comparative Study Of Linear And Non-Linear Methods of Isotherm Parameters For Biosorption Of Sodium Diclofenac Onto Calcined Cow Leather (CCL)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-465341/v1

Calcined cow leather as a new low-cost biosorbent for copper (II), zinc (II) and nickel (II) ions removal from aqueous solution

DOI: https://doi.org/10.48317/IMIST.PRSM/morjchem-v7i4.16140