A Hitherto Unknown Sketch Map by Lord Burghley

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Notes

Notes and References

1. Raleigh A. Skelton and John Summerson, A Description of Maps and Architectural Drawings in the Collection Made by William Cecil, First Baron Burghley now at Hatfield House (Oxford, The Roxburghe Club, 1971); J. B. Harley, ‘The map collection of William Cecil, first Baron Burghley, 1520–1598’, The Map Collector, no. 3 (1978): 2–19.

2. The provinces of Ireland are Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. Meath was reckoned as a province in the sixteenth century but subsequently came to be considered part of Leinster.

3. John H. Andrews, ‘The Irish surveys of Robert Lythe’, Imago Mundi 19 (1965): 22–31.

4. The National Archives, London (hereafter TNA), State Papers (hereafter SP), 63/55/74; Hans C. Hamilton, Calendar of State Papers relating to Ireland of the reign of Elizabeth 1, 1574–85 Preserved in Her Majesty's Public Record Office (London, Longmans, Greens, Readers and Dyer, 1867), 95–97; Robert Dunlop, ‘Sixteenth century maps of Ireland’, English Historical Review 20 (1905): 323. Non-Irish maps in Burghley's hand are SP 12/15, no 11, ‘River Lea, from Bow Bridge to Hackney, indicating the limits of the tide’, c.1560; SP 59/5, fols. 44–45, ‘The debatable lands of Liddisdale, with the names of families’, 1561; TNA, SP 12/59/65, ‘The route from Brancepath, co. Durham to London’, 1569; Hatfield House, Hertfordshire, CPM supp 1, ‘South West England and South Wales, showing the location of copper and lead’, c.1570; CPM Supp 6, ‘Part of Lincolnshire’, c.1575 and CPM, supp 10, ‘Plymouth’ (as listed in Skelton and Summerson, A Description of Maps and Architectural Drawings (see note 1), 27); British Library, Lansdowne MS, fols.100v–101, ‘The Bristol Channel’, c.1590.

5. The map is described in Hamilton, Calendar of State Papers Relating to Ireland, 1574–85 (see note 4), 106, as ‘tricked by Burghley’. It may conceivably date from March 1577, when the treasurer received much of the correspondence relating to the Clanricard affair (ibid, 107).

6. Annaleigh Margey, Mapping Ireland, c.1550–1636: A Catalogue of Manuscript Maps Relating to Ireland, Including Maps of Plantation (Dublin, Irish Manuscripts Commission, 2011 forthcoming).

7. TNA, SP 63/175/35x. Thanks are due to Sean Cunningham of the National Archives, London, for information about this document.

8. TNA, Maps and Plans in the Public Record Office, 1: British Isles, c.1410–1860 (London, H.M.S.O., 1967).

9. John H. Andrews, Shapes of Ireland: Maps and Their Makers, 1564–1839 (Dublin, Geography Publications, 1997), 41, 43, 59, 71.

10. A similar parallelism of the river Bann and the conflated Bush-Main appears in John Goghe's map of Ireland, 1567 (TNA, MPF 1/68); and in a map of Ulster probably dating from a few years later (MPF 1/90).

11. TNA, SP 63/175/35xi.

12. TNA, SP 63/175/35ii, iii, x, xiii, xiv.

13. TNA, SP 63/175/35vii.

14. TNA, SP 63/175/35iv, v, viii, xii.

15. TNA, SP 63/175/35xvii.

16. John Thomas, map of the siege of Enniskillen castle, February 1594, British Library, Cotton MS Augustus, I ii 39; idem, map of the Fermanagh lakes, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, MS P.49/21 (for which see John H. Andrews, ‘Maps and mapmakers’, in The Shaping of Ireland: The Geographical Perspective, ed. William Nolan (Dublin, Mercier Press, 1986), 99–102). An undated but probably earlier map in Burghley's possession that distinguished the lakes is TNA, MPF 1/81. Enniskillen castle stands on an island in a narrower stretch of water connecting the upper and lower lakes, sometimes known as ‘the strait of Enniskillen’ (Hans C. Hamilton, Calendar of State Papers Relating to Ireland of the Reign of Elizabeth, Preserved in Her Majesty's Public Record Office, 1592, October–1596, June (London, H.M.S.O., 1890), 174).

17. David Edwards, ‘In Tyrone's shadow: Feagh McHugh O'Byrne, forgotten leader of the Nine Years War’, Journal of the Rathdrum Historical Society, 1 (1988): 212–48.