Wastewater quality and pollutant loads in combined sewers during dry weather periods

Abstract

An observatory of urban pollutants was created in Paris in order to assess, at the urban catchment scale, the quality of sanitary sewage and pollutant loads during dry weather periods in the Paris combined sewer. Investigations were carried out for six urban catchments (varying from 42 to 2580 ha) focusing on a wide range of parameters, including: suspended solids (SS), chemical and biochemical oxygen demand (COD and BOD₅), total organic carbon (TOC), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn), and aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs and PAHs). Despite the marginal intra-site variability of some pollutants, which serves to reflect the impact of point sources, this work attests to the spatial homogeneity, at the physical scales considered, of wastewater quality and pollutant loads within the Paris combined sewer network. These results imply that similar production and transfer processes are occurring within sewers during dry weather periods and strongly suggest that data obtained on one specific catchment could be extrapolated to smaller or larger catchments that display quite similar land use and sewer characteristics.

Keywords:

• combined sewer
• dry weather flow
• heavy metals
• hydrocarbons
• organic matter, spatial scale

Acknowledgements

This study has been conducted within the scope of the OPUR research program. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Paris Municipality, the Interdepartmental Association for Sewage Disposal in the Paris Metropolitan Area (SIAAP) and the Seine-Normandy Water Agency (AESN) for their valuable financial support.