A simulation optimization approach for solving the dual-cycling problem in container terminals

Abstract

Dual cycling is an operation technique whereby quay cranes perform loading and unloading operations simultaneously in the same ship bay. In this article, a mixed-integer programming model for quay crane dual-cycling scheduling is developed. The model considers the stowage plan of outbound containers and the operation sequence of quay cranes. To solve the model, a heuristic method, called bi-level genetic algorithm, is designed. Meanwhile, a simulation optimization method integrating the intelligent decision mechanism of the optimization algorithm and evaluation function of simulation model is proposed. Numerical experiments indicate that dual cycling can reduce the operation time of quay cranes compared to the method of scheduling loading and unloading separately. Moreover, the model and algorithms developed in this article can tackle quay crane dual-cycling problem efficiently.

Keywords:

• container terminals
• quay crane dual cycling
• bi-level genetic algorithm
• simulation optimization

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank the anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions.

Additional information

Funding

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 71431001, 71371037].