Impact of repeated pesticide applications on the binding and release of methyl ¹⁴C-monocrotophos and U-ring labelled ¹⁴C-carbaryl to soil matrices under field conditions

Abstract

The dissipation of (O-methyl-¹⁴C) monocrotophos and U-ring labelled ¹⁴C-carbaryl was monitored for over two years in absence and presence of other insecticides using in situ soil columns. The dissipation of ¹⁴C-monocrotophos from soil treated with methomyl and carbaryl showed a faster rate of downward movement than in a control column tagged with the labelled insecticide alone. The same trend was observed in experiments with ¹⁴C-carbaryl that dissipated more readily in soil treated with non-labelled monocrotophos and methomyl. In the presence of other insecticides the percentage of bound residues was generally lower than in control experiments. The bound residues at the top of the column are released at a low rate under conditions prevailing in the field. The overall time required for dissipation of 50% of monocrotophos and carbaryl (t₅₀) as estimated from control experiment was approximately 20 and 24 weeks, respectively. The data indicate that repeated applications of pesticides might enhance the release of ¹⁴C-bound residues.

Keywords:

• Soil columns
• pesticides
• ¹⁴C-monocrotophos
• ¹⁴C-carbaryl
• leaching
• dissipation

Acknowledgment

The authors gratefully acknowledge the joint FAO/IAEA- Division for financial support of this work.