Predictability by Box-Behnken model for carbaryl adsorption by soils of Indian origin

Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the adsorption capacity of carbaryl on four Indian soils with different physiochemical properties. A batch adsorption study was carried out in order to evaluate the maximum adsorption capacity of carbaryl using a Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The effects of operating parameter such as initial carbaryl concentration (1–20 mgL⁻¹), adsorbent dosage (0.5–6 g) and contact time (10–180 min) were examined. The proposed quadratic model for Box-Behnken design fits very well to the experimental data because it may be used to navigate design space according to ANOVA results. The regression co-efficient (R²) of the models developed and the results of validation experiments conducted at optimal conditions strongly suggests that the predicted values are in good agreement with experimental results. Contour and response surface plots are used to determine the interactions effects of main factors and optimal conditions of the process. The experiment can be utilized as a guideline for better understanding of carbaryl adsorption onto soil under different operating conditions. The results show that the forest soil is most efficient in binding carbaryl (Sevin) than the other types of soil tested.

Keywords:

• Soils
• carbaryl
• response surface methodology
• optimization

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Prof. J.K. Datta, for his constant encouragement, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, India. We are thankful to Dr. Sukumar Ghosh, Associate Professor, Department of Botany, MUC Women's College, Burdwan, India for his help to initiate this work.