Risk estimation to human health caused by the mercury content of Sushi and Sashimi sold in Japanese restaurants in Brazil

ABSTRACT

Although fish is a healthy alternative for meat, it can be a vehicle for mercury (Hg), including in its most toxic organic form, methylmercury (MeHg). The objective of the present study was to estimate the risk to human health caused by the consumption of sushi and sashimi as commercialized by Japanese food restaurants in the city of Campinas (SP, Brazil). The total Hg content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with thermal decomposition and amalgamation, and the MeHg content calculated considering that 90% of the total Hg is in the organic form. The health risk was estimated from the values for the provisional tolerable weekly ingestion (PTWI) by both adults and children. The mean concentrations for total Hg were: 147.99, 6.13, and 3.42 µg kg⁻¹ in the tuna, kani, and salmon sushi samples, respectively, and 589.09, 85.09, and 11.38 µg kg⁻¹ in the tuna, octopus and salmon sashimi samples, respectively. The tuna samples showed the highest Hg concentrations. One portion of tuna sashimi exceeded the PTWI value for MeHg established for children and adults. The estimate of risk for human health indicated that the level of toxicity depended on the type of fish and size of the portion consumed.

KEYWORDS:

• Methylmercury
• fish
• Japanese cuisine
• tuna
• salmon
• food quality

Funding

JC Alves and EL Paiva are grateful to Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES- Brazil) for the fellowships. This work was financially supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo - under Grant 2012/50667–9; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico - Brazil - under Grant 442025/2014–9.