Differential modulation of cytochrome P450 enzymes by arsenicals in non-human experimental models

Abstract

Arsenic is a hazardous heavy metalloid that imposes threats to human health globally. It is widely spread throughout the environment in various forms. Arsenic-based compounds are either inorganic compounds (iAs) or organoarsenicals (oAs), where the latter are biotically generated from the former. Exposure to arsenic-based compounds results in varying biochemical derangements in living systems, leading eventually to toxic consequences. One important target for arsenic in biosystems is the network of metabolic enzymes, especially the superfamily of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) because of their prominent role in both endobiotic and xenobiotic metabolism. Therefore, the alteration of the CYPs by different arsenicals has been actively studied in the last few decades. We have previously summarized the findings of former studies investigating arsenic associated modulation of different CYPs in human experimental models. In this review, we focus on non-human models to get a complete picture about possible CYPs alterations in response to arsenic exposure.

Keywords:

• Arsenic
• organoarsenicals
• cytochrome P450
• metabolism
• xenobiotics

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant [RGPIN 250139] to A.O.S.E. M.A.E. is a recipient of the Rachel Mandel Scholarship in Lymphoma and Other Blood Cancers and the Alberta Innovates Graduate Student Scholarship. S.R.E. is a recipient of the Egyptian Government Scholarship. M.A.A. is a recipient of the Saudi Government Scholarship.