The Influence of Passengers on Older Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes

Abstract

The authors examined if the presence of passengers affects the risk of making unsafe actions among older drivers, and determined what specific types of unsafe actions may be affected (positively or adversely) by the presence of passengers. They used 1975 to 1998 data from the U.S. Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS); unsafe actions were based on driver-related factors. The authors calculated the odds ratio (OR) of making unsafe driving actions in the presence of passengers compared to situations where drivers were alone. In general, the presence of passengers was beneficial to older drivers (e.g., for drivers aged 65 to 79 with four or more passengers, OR = 0.73 [99% Confidence interval[CI] = 0.61, 0.86. For drivers aged 65 to 79, the presence of passengers was associated with a reduced risk of some unsafe actions (e.g., driving the wrong way, OR = 0.37 [95% CI = 0.30, 0.46]) but a higher risk of other actions (e.g., ignoring signs/warnings/right of way, OR = 1.18 [95% CI = 1.15, 1.22]). These findings are discussed in the context of strategies to maximize safe driving in older adults.

Michel Bédard is a Canada Research Chair in Aging and Health (www.chairs.gc.ca). He acknowledges the support of the Program towards his research. Completion of this project was made possible by a CIHR Research Development Grant and a Premier's Research Excellence Award awarded to the first author. The authors thank the reviewers for their constructive comments on a previous version of this manuscript.

Notes

Note. Percentage within age category is given in parentheses.

Note. Drivers of the same age without passengers are the reference categories.

Note. Values are odds ratios (95% CI) with drivers without passengers as the reference group.