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Abstract
Background/Study Context: Compared with the large literature on the impact of aging on spatial memory span, far fewer studies have examined the influence of aging on spatial memory processes required to reach a remembered target. This study assessed the ability of seniors to accurately reach to three-dimensional (3D) memorized targets in four conditions in which the memory delay and the attentional demands varied.
Methods: The accuracy and variability of reaching movements (3D absolute, 3D variable, and spatial component errors) were analyzed to evaluate the performance of 12 young adults aged 20 to 30 and 12 older adults aged 62 to 69 in the different delay conditions (short passive delay, long passive delay, long cognitive delay, and long spatial delay). Variance analyses were applied on each error measure as well as on kinematic features of the movements (movement time, deceleration time, and peak velocity).
Results: Results revealed that older participants were as capable as their younger counterpart to maintain target location in memory regardless of task complexity.
Conclusion: Although memory deficits have been found in older adults in several previous studies, the current results support the idea that healthy aging does not produce a breakdown in all memory tasks. Hence, a specific spatial memory channel seems to remain unaffected in normal aging.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by a grant from Canadian Foundation for Innovation and a salary award from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec (Julie Messier and Louis Bherer).