Comparison of psychological states of runners within urban and nature environments: the application of electroencephalography (EEG), geographic information systems (GIS), and fitness tracker

ABSTRACT

Engagement with natural environments has been shown to enhance mental well-being and reduce stress and frustration. However, little research has been conducted on the influence of urban and built environments on psychological state during real-time exercise. This study explored the changes in mental state for 19 avid runners over the course of a casual 10k run through urban and natural settings. Participants wore mobile encephalograms, fitness trackers, and GPS devices to track neurological, physiological, and geographic data for the entire run. Results indicate significant increases in relaxation from pre to post-run measurements, with variant mental status throughout the experience, based on environmental context, distance, and climb rate. The trajectory of mental processes was similar to those reported in previous studies, though not supportive of a restorative mental influence of natural settings during vigorous activity. Results are discussed with previous research and implications for activity planning and urban planning.

KEYWORDS:

• Physical activity
• urban environment
• nature environment
• psychophysiology
• attention restoration theory

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Dong-A University research fund.