Evaluation of some equations for estimating evapotranspiration in the south of Iran

Abstract

The Penman–Monteith (PM) equation is the most common method of estimating reference crop evapotranspiration (ET _o) for different climates of the world. This equation needs full weather data, however, few stations with complete weather data exist in Fars Province, in the south of Iran. Therefore, other equations based on more readily available weather data, such as temperature and rainfall, can be used instead of the PM equation in Fars Province. Four calibrated equations have been proposed in previous studies for Fars Province using weather data up to 2000. These equations were the Hargreaves equation (H), a new equation based on monthly temperature and rainfall (R), the Thornthwaite equation (T) and the Blaney–Criddle equation (B). Using weather data for 2001 to 2006 from 14 stations in Fars Province and outside the province, this study determined the best equations for estimating ET _o in each month and each station, rather than using the PM equation. The results revealed that equations H, R, T and B showed a good correlation to the PM equation, and can be used to estimate monthly ET _o in the study area. Also, the best equation for each location in Fars Province in each month of the year can be determined by using prepared distribution maps. Furthermore, the results showed that there was no specific relationship between the climate at the station and the best equation for estimating ET _o.

Keywords:

• evapotranspiration
• Penman–Monteith
• Hargreaves
• Thornthwaite
• Blaney–Criddle
• Fars Province

Acknowledgements

This paper was derived from a research project entitled ‘Evaluation of different methods for estimating evapotranspiration based on temperature in Fars province' supported by Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch. Therefore, the author wishes to thank the managers of this university.