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Ecology of Food and Nutrition Volume 60, 2021 - Issue 3
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Research Article

Prevalence and Determinants of Early Initiation (EI), Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF), and Prelacteal Feeding among Children Aged 0-24 Months in Slums of Pune City, in Maharashtra

Angeline Jeyakumara Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India;b School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South AfricaCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7973-0388View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Suresh Jungaria Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4223-2603View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Raji Nairc Department of Paediatrics, UNICEF, Mumbai, IndiaView further author information
,
Pramila Menond Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, Pimpri - Chinchwad, IndiaView further author information
,
Prasad Babara Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-8626View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Barai Bhushana Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaView further author information
,
Hulsurkar Yogitaa Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaView further author information
,
Janan Alia Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaView further author information
,
Marathe Saddichhaa Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaView further author information
,
Mitragotri Bhagyashreea Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaView further author information
,
Phadake Monikaa Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaView further author information
&
Sneha Sakshia Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, IndiaView further author information
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Pages 377-393 | Published online: 18 Dec 2020
 
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ABSTRACT

Infant and young child feeding practices remain a public health challenge in India. We determined the socio-demographic risk factors for early initiation, exclusive breastfeeding and prelacteal feeding in the urban slums of Pune city.

A cross sectional survey of mother (N=1443) children (< 2 years) dyads was performed. Socio-demographic, maternal and child characteristics were recorded. Breastfeeding practices were assessed using WHO indicators. Multiple logistic regression was employed to model associations between socio-demographic factors and breastfeeding indicators.

Early initiation was reported by 45.2%, prelacteal feeding by 37.5% and exclusive breastfeeding by 23.7%. Caesarean delivery decreased the odds of early initiation (AOR: 0.403; 95% CI; 0.303.-0.536) and exclusive breastfeeding (OR: 0.675; 95% CI: 0. 478-0.953), while it increased the odds of prelacteal feeding (AOR: 3.525; 95% CI: 2.653-4.683). Delivery in a public health care facility increased the odds of early initiation (AOR: 1.439; 95% CI: 1.095-1.891) and exclusive breastfeeding (OR: 0.514; 95% CI: 0.366-0.720), while it decreased the odds of prelacteal feeding (AOR: 0.421; 95% CI: 0.318-0.559). Odds of early initiation decreased significantly in very low-birth-weight (AOR: 0.209; CI: 0.76-0.567) whereas, it increased odds of prelacteal feeding (AOR: 1.389; 95% CI: 0.640-3.019), (AOR: 0.483; 95% CI: 0.262-0.889). Religion other than Hindu or Muslim, age of the mother between 26-30 years increased the odds of exclusive breastfeeding and parity <2 increased the odds of prelacteal feeding.

Interventions that address setting specific determinants, focusing on local contexts are essential to improve child feeding practices in urban slums.

Declaration of conflicting interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This project was funded by UNICEF; Project code: [MAH/CDN/2019/178].

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