The Effects of Manganese and Iron Oxides on Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Glass

Abstract

The effects of substituting Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ ions by Mn²⁺ ions in the glass composition Na₂O 16, CaO 10 and SiO₂ 74 and partial replacement of this composition by MnO and/or Fe₂O₃ on high temperature viscosity, thermal expansion and chemical durability were studied. On replacing Na⁺ ion by Mn²⁺ ion the high temperature viscosity and coefficient of thermal expansion decreased and the chemical durability increased. Substitution of Ca²⁺ ion by Mn²⁺ ion had similar effect but to lesser extent. On partial replacement of the glass composition by MnO and/or Fe₂O₃, the high temperature viscosity decreased and chemical durability increased.