Cloud-based Battery Replacement Scheme for Smart Electric Bus System

Abstract

This paper proposes a Smart Electric Bus (e-Bus) Battery SUbstitution Scheme called SBUS in a cloud-based e-Bus system for the efficient battery replacement during e-Bus services. A smart e-Bus system using cloud-based management is considered as an alternative public transportation system. The battery of an e-Bus often needs to replaced, which can be one of the reasons for vehicle traffic congestion. When the battery of an e-Bus was not enough to run itself on its service route, it needs to replace its battery during the running. By this reason, road traffic congestion can be caused by this routine battery exchange. In order to solve this problem, SBUS is proposed to reduce road traffic congestion. To our knowledge, this paper presents the first attempt to investigate how to effectively assign an appropriate e-Bus station for battery replacement e-Bus station for battery replacement to each e-Bus to reduce road traffic congestion. As a result, the proposed scheme can assign an appropriate e-Bus station for battery replacement to each e-Bus to reduce road traffic congestion. To show the effectiveness of the proposed SBUS, we compare it with baseline schemes through simulation. The results of the experiment show that SBUS is more efficient than the baseline schemes in terms of the shorter average waiting time for battery replacement and the shorter end-to-end travel delay for e-Bus services.

KEYWORDS:

• Battery replacement
• Quick battery changing machine
• Road-side unit
• Smart e-bus
• Traffic control center
• Vehicular networks

ORCID

Jaehoon (Paul) Jeong http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8490-758X

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education [2017R1D1A1B03035885]. This work was supported in part by the DGIST R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) [18-EE-01] and by Global Research Laboratory Program through the NRF funded by the MSIT [2013K1A1A2A02078326].

Notes on contributors

Jinyong (Tim) Kim

Jinyong (Tim) Kim has been a PhD student in the Department of Computer Engineering at Sungkyunkwan University since 2015. His PhD advisor is Professor Jaehoon (Paul) Jeong. He got a BS degree from Department of Computer Engineering at Kumoh National Institute of Technology in 2015. His BS advisor was Professor Hyun-Ju Yoon. His research areas include cyber-physical systems (CPS), software-defined networking (SDN), and network functions virtualization (NFV). He was a member of IEEE and the IEEE Computer Society. Email: [email protected]

Jaehoon (Paul) Jeong

Jaehoon (Paul) Jeong is an assistant professor in the Department of Software at Sungkyunkwan University in Korea. He received his PhD degree in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Minnesota – Twin Cities in 2009. He received his BS degree in the Department of Information Engineering at Sungkyunkwan University and his MS degree from the School of Computer Science and Engineering at Seoul National University in Korea in 1999 and 2001, respectively. His research areas include cyber-physical systems (CPS), internet of things (IoT), vehicular Ad hoc networks (VANET), mobile Ad hoc networks (MANET), wireless sensor networks (WSN), software-defined networking (SDN), and network functions virtualization (NFV). Dr Jeong is a member of ACM, IEEE and the IEEE Computer Society. Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

Hyoungshick Kim

Hyoungshick Kim is an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Software, Sungkyunkwan University. He received a BS degree from the Department of Information Engineering at Sungkyunkwan University, an MS degree from the Department of Computer Science at KAIST and a PhD degree from the Computer Laboratory at the University of Cambridge in 1999, 2001 and 2012, respectively. After completing his PhD, he worked as a post-doctoral fellow in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of British Columbia. He previously worked for Samsung Electronics as a senior engineer from 2004 to 2008. He also served as a member of DLNA and Coral standardization for DRM interoperability in home networks. His current research interest is focused on social computing and usable security. E-mail: [email protected]

Jung-Soo Park

Jung-Soo Park has been a Principle Researcher in Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) since 1994. He got his PhD degree from the Department of Electronics Engineering at Kyungpook National University (KNU) in 2013. He got the BS degree and the MS degree from the Department of Electronics Engineering at KNU in 1992 and 1994, respectively. His research interests are network security, Internet of Things (IoT), machine to machine (M2M), network functions virtualization (NFV), vehicular networks, wireless sensor networks, and mobile ad hoc networks. Email: [email protected]