Frequency Reconfigurable Fractal Patch Circularly Polarized Antennas for GSM/Wi-Fi/Wi-MAX Applications

Abstract

Frequency reconfigurable circularly polarized (CP) fractal antennas are presented. At first, a fractal shaped slot is inscribed on the bigger size fractal structure. Inside the scratched opening, a small size asymmetrical fractal patch is embedded and switching diodes are brought along x and y – sides to attach these internal and external patches. By applying asymmetrical fractal curves as boundaries, imbalance is developed inside the structure for CP. The sizes of the inner and outer patches are chosen in the sort of manner to resonate the antenna at GSM (1.8 GHz), WLAN (2.45 GHz) and Wi-MAX (3.4 GHz) bands, respectively. The fractal curve parameters are optimized to enhance CP radiation. Four switches are used to govern the antenna. Measured and simulation outcomes are in near agreement, which proves that the suggested antennas are well ideal for WLAN/Wi-MAX, GSM/Wi-Fi, GSM/Wi-Fi/Wi-MAX applications. Similarly, several frequency reconfigurable antennas have been studied by using various fractal curves.

KEYWORDS:

• Circular polarization
• Fractal curve
• Frequency reconfigurable
• GSM
• Microstrip antenna
• Wi-MAX
• WLAN

Acknowledgements

The author thanks Antenna wing team, RCI Hyderabad, for permitting to take the measurement of the radiation pattern and the axial ratio.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

V. V. Reddy

V V Reddy, received his BTech degree (2008) in electronics and communication engineering from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, India. He received MTech degree (2011) in advanced communication systems from National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India. He completed his doctorate degree (2016) from National Institute of Technology, Warangal. Currently, he is working as associate professor in the department of ECE, KITS Warangal. His field of study is microstrip fractal antennas and other areas of interest are antenna wave propagation. He has publications in 8 international journals and 8 international conferences. Email: [email protected]